Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Influence of Gut Microbe to Brain Signalling.
Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Influence of Gut Microbe to Brain Signalling.
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DOI：
10.3390/diseases6030078
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发表时间：
2018-09-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wall M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scriven M;Dinan TG;Cryan JF;Wall M
微生物组肠脑（MGB）轴由肠道和大脑之间的双向通信路线组成。它已成为包括精神病学在内的多个医学专业的潜在治疗靶点。近年来，已经进行了大量的临床前试验，其中一些已过渡到临床研究。据报道，在健康人群和特定患者群体中，益生菌治疗的一些积极结果都是继发的。本综述旨在总结当前对MGB轴的理解以及与精神病学相关的临床前和临床发现。在诊断为抑郁症的患者和健康对照者的微生物组之间已经发现了显著的差异。在诊断为双相情感障碍和肠易激综合征的患者中也出现了类似的发现。一种含有嗜酸乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌和两歧双歧杆菌的益生菌对抑郁症患者产生临床可测量的症状改善。迄今为止，一些有希望的结果表明，益生菌可能在治疗与压力有关的精神疾病中发挥作用。然而，需要更多控制良好的临床试验来确定哪些临床条件可能从这种新方法中获益最大。
The microbiome gut brain (MGB) axis consists of bidirectional routes of communication between the gut and the brain. It has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for multiple medical specialties including psychiatry. Significant numbers of preclinical trials have taken place with some transitioning to clinical studies in more recent years. Some positive results have been reported secondary to probiotic administration in both healthy populations and specific patient groups. This review aims to summarise the current understanding of the MGB axis and the preclinical and clinical findings relevant to psychiatry. Significant differences have been identified between the microbiome of patients with a diagnosis of depressive disorder and healthy controls. Similar findings have occurred in patients diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder and irritable bowel syndrome. A probiotic containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, and Bifidobacterium bifidum produced a clinically measurable symptom improvement in patients with depressive disorder. To date, some promising results have suggested that probiotics could play a role in the treatment of stress-related psychiatric disease. However, more well-controlled clinical trials are required to determine which clinical conditions are likely to benefit most significantly from this novel approach.