Logistics Landscape
Logistics Landscape
复制标题
物流格局
作者：
C. Waldheim;A. Berger
经济学家和地理学家区分了北美工业的三种历史形态：19世纪末和20世纪初的集中形态，20世纪中期的分散形态，以及20世纪末的分布形态。每个时代都构建了独特的空间组织，并以特定的方式塑造了城市形态。这些生产模式之间的转变是显而易见的，因为在它们之前的城市形态出现了断裂，使之前的空间模式过时并被抛弃。第一个转变，即从密集集中的工业模式到分散的模式，与20世纪下半叶城市形态的分散密切相关。目前正在进行的第二次转变，将工业从全国分散的组织转变为国际分布的组织，产生了一种新的景观形式，即物流景观。这种物流景观是过去十年来建筑环境的重大转变之一。它的特点是基于全球供应链的新型产业形式，以及用于容纳货物运输、分期和交付的广阔领土。本文提供了一个临时的理论框架，并描述了物流景观的三个新兴类别：配送和交付，消费和便利，住宿和处置。这里包含的航拍照片、图表、地图和其他视觉表现是描述这些空间的初步尝试，使它们可以作为景观来阅读，并开始对它们进行批判性文化评估的长期项目。
Economists and geographers have distinguished between three historical configurations of North American industry: concentrated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, decentralized in mid-20th century, and distributed at the end of the 20th century. Each of these eras constructed distinct spatial organizations and shaped urban form in particular ways. The shifts between these modes of production are evident as ruptures in the urban form that preceded them, leaving previous spatial modes obsolete and abandoned in their wake. The first of these shifts, from the dense concentrated industrial model to a decentralized model, is closely associated with the decentralization of urban form in the second half of the 20th century. The second shift, currently underway, transforming industry from a nationally decentralized organization to an internationally distributed one, has produced a new form of landscape, a landscape of logistics. This logistics landscape is among the more significant transformations of the built environment over the past decade. It is characterized by new industrial forms based on global supply chains and vast territories given over to accommodating the shipment, staging, and delivery of goods. This paper offers a provisional theoretical framework and describes three emergent categories of logistics landscape: distribution and delivery, consumption and convenience, and accommodation and disposal. The aerial photographs, diagrams, maps, and other visual representations included here are an initial attempt to describe these spaces, to make them available for reading as landscape, and to begin the longer term project of their critical cultural appraisal.