Deprivation and Poverty in Hong Kong
Deprivation and Poverty in Hong Kong
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香港的匮乏和贫困
DOI：
10.1111/spol.12042
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
W. Wong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Saunders;H. Wong;W. Wong
虽然香港的真实的收入高企，而且不断上升，但贫穷率仍然是社会关注的问题。虽然最近（重新）成立的扶贫委员会已建议为香港制订贫穷线，但政府一直不愿意订立贫穷线。在此背景下，本文报道了一项新的剥夺研究的结果，旨在揭示社区中最贫困者的生活水平。根据国际研究，当人们没有或负担不起被社会大多数人视为对所有人都至关重要的物品时，就被认定为存在贫困。一份包含35个基本需求项目的清单被确定为符合这一定义，结果表明，约30%的人被剥夺了至少两个项目，超过18%的人被剥夺了至少四个项目，10%的人被剥夺了至少八个项目。在满足基本保健需要的项目中，去除率特别高。然后采用平均匮乏评分指数（MDIS）比较不同组别的匮乏程度，显示领取综合社会保障援助（综援）人士、残疾人士及新移民的匮乏情况最为显著。贫困和收入贫困之间的重叠也相对较低，这表明这两项措施在确定谁最脆弱和指导最迫切需要改变政策方面都可以发挥作用。
Despite high and rising real incomes, the poverty rate in Hong Kong remains a cause of community concern. The government has been reluctant to set a poverty line, although the recently (re-)established Commission on Poverty has recommended that a poverty line for Hong Kong is developed. Against this background, this article reports results derived from a new deprivation study designed to shed new light on the living standards of the poorest in the community. Reflecting international studies, deprivation is identified as existing when people do not have and cannot afford items regarded by a majority in the community as being essential for all. A list of 35 basic needs items is identified as meeting this definition, the results indicating that around 30 per cent are deprived of at least two items, over 18 per cent are deprived of at least four items and 10 per cent are deprived of at least eight items. Deprivation rates are particularly high among items that meet basic health needs. A mean deprivation score index (MDIS) is then used to compare the degree of deprivation experienced by different groups, and indicates that deprivation is most pronounced amongst those receiving Comprehensive Social Security Assistance (CSSA), people affected by a disability and recent migrants. The overlap between deprivation and income poverty is also relatively low, which suggests both measures have a role to play in identifying who is most vulnerable and guiding where policy change is most urgently needed.