Functions of Demulsifiers in the Petroleum Industry
Functions of Demulsifiers in the Petroleum Industry
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DOI：
10.1080/01496395.2010.550595
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
El-Din, Mahmoud R. Noor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Sabagh, Ahmed M.;Kandile, Nadia G.;El-Din, Mahmoud R. Noor
现在有越来越多的原油油田同时生产原油和水乳液;这些油田既有陆上油田也有海上油田。这些乳液是在石油开采过程中由于天然表面活性剂如沥青质和树脂的存在而形成的。这些分子强烈稳定水/油界面并防止水滴聚结。由于在石油运输和精炼之前必须进行水/油相分离，因此使用破乳剂来打破油包水乳液。综述了原油乳状液的形成过程，以及破乳剂的化学结构、含水量、分配系数、破乳剂浓度等因素对原油乳状液破乳效果的影响。本文还对破乳过程的动力学和机理进行了综述。
There are an increasing number of crude oil fields that are now producing both crude oil and water emulsions; such fields are both onshore and offshore. These emulsions are formed during oil exploitation due to the presence of natural surfactants, such as asphaltenes and resins. These molecules strongly stabilize the water/oil interface and prevent coalescence of water droplets. As water/oil phase separation is necessary before oil transportation and refining, demulsifiers are used to break water-in-oil emulsions. This review presents the crude oil emulsion formation, factors affecting demulsification of crude oil emulsion such as demulsifier chemical structure, water content, partition coefficient (KP), and demulsifier concentration. This review also covers the kinetics and mechanism of the demulsification process.