Analysis of canine small intestinal and fecal microbiota : prevention of ampicillin-induced changes with oral b-lactamase
Analysis of canine small intestinal and fecal microbiota : prevention of ampicillin-induced changes with oral b-lactamase
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发表时间：
2005-06
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通讯作者：
S. Mentula
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作者：
S. Mentula
背景：肠道微生物区系影响着人体的许多生理和免疫功能，与个体的体内平衡和健康状况密切相关。由于从肠道获取样本和研究复杂微生物种群的困难，对上肠道微生物种群的组成、动力学和代谢潜力的知识有限。抗菌剂可能会引起数量和质量上的变化，如耐药种群的出现和丰富，以及对病原体的定殖性下降，从而破坏微生物区系的平衡。本研究的目的是详细分析狗的可培养空肠微生物区系，并将其与粪便结果进行比较，并评估口服β-内酰胺酶对防止氨苄西林引起的肠道微生物区系变化的能力。材料和方法：取健康的永久性空肠瘘小猎犬的空肠和粪便标本，随机分为氨苄西林、氨苄西林+β-内酰胺酶和安慰剂3个治疗组。在处理前、处理过程中和处理后采集样本，采用细菌培养和TGGE(温度梯度凝胶电泳法)分析细菌总数和优势微生物区系的组成。药敏试验和检测Tm基因的聚合酶链式反应是监测耐药率的方法。此外，还测定了空肠和血清中氨苄西林的浓度。结果：空肠和粪便中优势菌群的相对数量、厌氧菌的比例、种内和种间的多样性以及微生物区系的稳定性均有显著差异。口服β-内酰胺酶抑制氨苄西林的作用，监测显示耐药率和
Background: The intestinal microbiota affects many physiological and immunological functions of the body and is closely connected to the homeostasis and health status of an individual. Due to difficulties in obtaining samples from the intestine and studying complex microbial populations the knowledge of the composition, dynamics and metabolic potential of microbial populations in the upper gut is limited. Antimicrobials may disrupt the balance of the microbiota by causing quantitative and qualitative changes such as emergence and enrichment of antibioticresistant populations, and decrease in colonisation resistance against pathogens. The aims of this study were to analyse cultivable jejunal microbiota of a dog in detail and compare it to faecal findings, and to evaluate the ability of oral β-lactamase administration, targeted to degrade intestinal ampicillin residues, to prevent ampicillin-induced changes in the intestinal microbiota. Material and methods: Jejunal and faecal samples were obtained from healthy laboratory beagles with permanent jejunal fistula randomised into 3 treatment groups receiving ampicillin, ampicillin + β-lactamase or placebo. Samples were collected before, during and after the treatment and analysed using bacterial culture and TGGE (temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis) for total bacterial counts and composition of the dominant microbiota. Susceptibility testing and PCR for detection of TEM gene were the methods for monitoring resistance rates. In addition, jejunal and serum ampicillin concentrations were determined. Results: The relative quantities of predominant bacterial groups, proportion of anaerobes, intraand inter-individual species variety and stability of the microbiota differed significantly between the jejunum and faeces. Oral β-lactamase inhibited the effects of ampicillin, monitored as significant differences in resistance rates and