Dual-task performance in young and older adults: speed-accuracy tradeoffs in choice responding while treadmill walking.
Dual-task performance in young and older adults: speed-accuracy tradeoffs in choice responding while treadmill walking.
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年轻人和老年人的双重任务表现：跑步机行走时选择响应的速度与准确性权衡。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
M. Audiffren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Tomporowski;M. Audiffren
31名年轻（平均年龄= 20.8岁）和30名老年（平均年龄= 71.5岁）男性和女性，分为体力活动组（n = 30）和非体力活动组（n = 31），他们在站立、以首选的速度在跑步机上行走和以更快的速度在跑步机上行走时执行执行处理任务。双任务干扰预计会对老年人的认知灵活性产生负面影响，如听觉转换任务所测量的，比年轻人更多;此外，参与者的体力活动水平预计会减轻这种关系。对于老年人来说，跑步机步行伴随着更快的响应时间和本地和混合转换成本的降低。观察到速度-准确性权衡，其中响应误差随着步行速度的增加而线性增加，这表明双任务条件下的运动降低了老年人认知灵活性的质量。参与者的体力活动水平并不影响认知测试的表现。
Thirty-one young (mean age = 20.8 years) and 30 older (mean age = 71.5 years) men and women categorized as physically active (n = 30) or inactive (n = 31) performed an executive processing task while standing, treadmill walking at a preferred pace, and treadmill walking at a faster pace. Dual-task interference was predicted to negatively impact older adults' cognitive flexibility as measured by an auditory switch task more than younger adults; further, participants' level of physical activity was predicted to mitigate the relation. For older adults, treadmill walking was accompanied by significantly more rapid response times and reductions in local- and mixed-switch costs. A speed-accuracy tradeoff was observed in which response errors increased linearly as walking speed increased, suggesting that locomotion under dual-task conditions degrades the quality of older adults' cognitive flexibility. Participants' level of physical activity did not influence cognitive test performance.