Risk assessment of the use of alternative animal and plant raw material resources in aquaculture feeds
Risk assessment of the use of alternative animal and plant raw material resources in aquaculture feeds
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DOI：
10.1111/raq.12347
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Tocher, Douglas R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Glencross, Brett D.;Baily, Johanna;Tocher, Douglas R.
目前，世界各地的水产养殖饲料中常规使用各种原材料，主要是从食用油中以脂质的形式提供蛋白质和能量。所使用的蛋白粉和蛋白油一般可分为植物或动物来源的蛋白粉和蛋白油，其中许多蛋白粉和蛋白油具有相当大的潜力，可提供水产养殖物种所需的膳食营养素。然而，使用任何原材料都会带来一系列风险，需要考虑这些风险，以确保生产安全，可持续和功能性饲料，以支撑该行业。对其中一些风险缺乏了解可能导致未能满足饮食规范和/或引入负面营养元素（例如抗营养因子）。重要的是，这种饲料在喂养食用动物时是食品安全的重要因素，因此与饲料生产有关的任何不良方面也会对食物链的其余部分产生负面影响。然而，在国际上，所使用的原材料和对使用这些原材料的风险的看法之间存在着一些差异。对这些风险的科学评估是本次审查的基础。
A wide range of raw materials are now used routinely in aquaculture feeds throughout the world, primarily to supply protein and energy in the form of lipid from edible oils. Protein meals and oils used can generally be divided into those of plant or animal origin and many have considerable potential to supply the required dietary nutrients required by aquaculture species. However, the use of any raw material introduces a suite of risks that need to be considered to enable the production of safe, sustainable and functional feeds to underpin this sector. A lack of understanding of some of those risks can result in failure of dietary specifications being met and/or negative nutritional elements being introduced (e.g. antinutritional factors). Importantly, it is this feed that when fed to food-producing animals is such an important element of food safety, and as such any undesirable aspects relating to feed production can also have a negative impact on the rest of the food chain. However, there is some disparity internationally among raw materials that are used and the perceptions surrounding the risk of their use. It is the scientific assessment of these risks that is the basis of this review.