Dietary sources of nutrients among US adults, 1994 to 1996
Dietary sources of nutrients among US adults, 1994 to 1996
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jada.2004.03.019
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cook, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cotton, PA;Subar, AF;Cook, A
目的确定1994 ~ 1996年美国成年人30种营养素和膳食成分的主要食物来源，并与1989 ~ 1991年的结果进行比较。这些食物包括由美国农业部（USDA）FoodLink计算机化研究工具分类的3，778种食物混合物，因此可以将成分分配到适当的组并相应地赋予营养价值。研究对象为美国农业部1994年至1996年个人食物摄入量连续调查中的019名19岁或19岁以上的成年人。结果按降序排列的食物组提供至少1%的总nutrient intake.Results膳食食物来源发现1994年至1996年是相当一致的，与1989年至1991年的排名顺序和比例，这些来源的总营养素摄入量。显著的变化表现在来自酒精饮料的能量比例较高、来自油的总脂肪和脂肪酸比例的变化（排名较高）和人造黄油结论尽管调查方法、食物供应和饮食模式发生了变化，1994年至1996年和1989年至1991年美国成年人的食物营养来源相似。1994年至1996年的数据是美国成年人中维生素A（视黄醇当量），硒，咖啡因和可可碱饮食来源的第一个已知的全国人口估计。
Objective To identify major food sources of 30 nutrients and dietary constituents among US adults during 1994 to 1996, and to compare them with those identified for 1989 to 1991.Design A total of 6,419 foods were assigned to 112 food groups based on similarities in nutrient content or use. These foods included 3,778 food mixtures disaggregated by the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) FoodLink computerized research tool, so ingredients could be assigned to the appropriate groups and nutrient values ascribed accordingly.Subjects/Setting Single 24-hour dietary recalls from a nationally representative sample of 10,019 adults aged 19 years or older in USDA's 1994 to 1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals were used.Statistical Analyses Performed The population proportion formula was used to determine weighted nutrient intakes by food groups. Results were tabulated in descending rank order for food groups providing at least 1% of total nutrient intake.Results Dietary food sources found for 1994 to 1996 were fairly consistent with 1989 to 1991 results for the rank order and proportion these sources made to total nutrient intakes. Remarkable changes were seen in the higher proportion of energy from alcoholic beverages, in the shifts in the proportion of total fat and fatty acids from oil (higher ranked) and margarine (lower ranked), and in the lower proportion of vitamins and minerals from ready-to-eat cereals.Conclusions Despite changes in survey methodology, the food supply, and eating patterns, food sources of nutrients among US adults in 1994 to 1996 and 1989 to 1991 were similar. The 1994 to 1996 data are the first known national population estimates for dietary sources of vitamin A (retinol equivalents), selenium, caffeine, and theobromine among US adults.