Inter-relationship between different psychoacoustic measures assumed to be related to the cochlear active mechanism
Inter-relationship between different psychoacoustic measures assumed to be related to the cochlear active mechanism
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DOI：
10.1121/1.428133
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Oxenham, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, BCJ;Vickers, DA;Oxenham, AJ
耳蜗中的活动机制被认为取决于外毛细胞（OHC）的完整性。耳蜗性听力损失通常与内毛细胞（IHC）和OHC的损伤有关，后者导致主动机制功能的减少或完全丧失。据信，主动机制有助于基底膜（BM）上的调谐的尖锐性，并且还负责BM上的压缩输入-输出功能。因此，人们会期望调谐的锐度的测量与压缩的测量之间的密切关系。这一想法是通过比较三种不同的措施的状态进行测试：主动机制，在2，4和16 kHz的中心频率，使用正常的听力，单侧或高度不对称的耳蜗听力损失，并与双边损失的主题。第一种测量方法，HLOHC是对OHC损伤导致的听力损失量的间接测量;这是基于单侧听力损失受试者双耳之间的响度匹配，并使用响度模型得出。第二个措施是等效矩形带宽（ERB）的听觉滤波器，这是估计使用陷波噪声的方法。第三个措施是基于增长的掩蔽函数中获得的前向掩蔽的斜率。中心位于信号频率以下的掩蔽信号和中心位于信号频率处的掩蔽信号的斜率之比给出了在对应于信号频率的位置处的BM压缩的度量;接近1的比率指示很少或没有压缩，而小于1的比率指示在信号位置处发生压缩。总体而言，结果显示了预期的模式。再培训局。随着HLOHC的增加，随着HLOHC从0增加到55 dB，前向掩蔽斜率的比率从约0.3增加到约1。斜率的比率与ERB高度相关（r = 0.92），表明听觉滤波器的锐度随着对BM的压缩的降低而降低。(C)1999年美国声学学会。[S0001 - 4966（99）00211 - 8]。
The active mechanism in the cochlea is thought to depend on the integrity of the outer hair cells (OHCs). Cochlear hearing loss is usually associated with damage to both inner hair cells (IHCs) and OHCs,with the latter resulting in a reduction in or complete loss of the function of the active mechanism. It is believed that the active mechanism contributes to the sharpness of tuning on the basilar membrane (BM) and is also responsible for compressive input-output functions on the BM. Hence, one would expect a close relationship between-measures of sharpness of tuning and measures of compression. This idea was tested by comparing three different measures of the status of the:active mechanism, at center frequencies of 2, 4, and 16 kHz, using subjects with normal hearing, with unilateral or highly asymmetric cochlear hearing loss,and with bilateral loss. The first measure, HLOHC was an indirect measure of the amount of the hearing loss attributable to OHC damage; this was based on loudness matches between the two ears of subjects with unilateral hearing loss and was derived using a loudness model. The second measure was the equivalent rectangular bandwidth (ERB) of the auditory filter, which was estimated using the notched-noise method. The third measure was based on the slopes of growth-of-masking functions obtained in forward masking. The ratio of slopes for a masker centered well below the signal frequency and a masker centered at the signal frequency gives a measure:of BM compression at the place corresponding to the signal frequency; a ratio close to 1 indicates little or no compression, while ratios less than 1 indicate that compression is occurring at the signal place. Generally, the results showed the expected pattern. The ERB. tended to increase with increasing HLOHC. The ratio of the forward-masking slopes increased from about 0.3 to about 1 as HLOHC increased from 0 to 55 dB. The-ratio of the slopes was highly correlated with the ERB (r = 0.92), indicating that the sharpness of the auditory filter decreases as the compression on the BM decreases. (C) 1999 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(99)00211-8].