The dynamics of collective action
The dynamics of collective action
复制标题
集体行动的动力
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Glance
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Huberman;N. Glance
我们阐明了正在进行的集体行动的动力学与不同的信念和不完善的信息之间的故意代理。关于是否为集体利益作出贡献的决定不仅取决于过去，而且取决于他们对自己的行动将如何影响其他人的行动的期望。我们表明，在集体行动的尝试中，全面合作的开始可能会以突然和意想不到的方式发生。同样，在非常大的、以前合作的团体中，叛逃也可能突然出现。这些爆发标志着长期短暂状态的结束，在这种状态下，背叛或合作在无法无限期维持的群体中持续存在。计算机实验证明了这些预测，并验证了个体之间的信仰多样性是不确定性的另一个来源，从而引发了疾病的爆发。
We elucidate the dynamics of ongoing collective action among intentional agents with diverse beliefs and imperfect information. The decisions on whether or not to contribute to the collective good depend not only on the past but also on their expectations as to how their actions will affect those of others. We show that in attempts at collective action the onset of overall cooperation can take place in a sudden and unexpected way. Likewise, defection can appear out of nowhere in very large, previously cooperating groups. These outbreaks mark the end of long transient states in which defection or cooperation persists in groups that cannot sustain it indefinitely. Computer experiments demonstrate these predictions, as well as verifying that diversity of beliefs among individuals acts as an additional source of uncertainty, instigating the outbreaks.