Conservation genetics of otters: Review about the use of non-invasive samples
Conservation genetics of otters: Review about the use of non-invasive samples
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DOI：
10.12933/therya-18-515
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Palacio-Baena, Jaime A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aristizábal Duque, Sandra L.;Orozco-Jiménez, Luz Y.;Palacio-Baena, Jaime A.
野生种群管理计划需要确定保护的一些基本方面，包括种群结构，种群之间的流动，进化历史和亲缘关系等。由于从野生哺乳动物中采集样本以提取DNA是一项复杂的任务，保护遗传学开发了非侵入性采样技术，该技术允许在不需要捕获个体的情况下获得DNA。为了对水獭种群进行遗传鉴定，粪便经常被用作DNA来源，用于扩增分子标记（微卫星、线粒体片段和用于确定性别的序列），用于遗传多样性、种群地理、种群结构和规模等研究。本文综述了非侵入性取样技术在水獭遗传研究中的应用。使用粪便作为DNA来源的遗传表征研究支持这种材料在个体基因分型中获得扩增标记的有用性。他们还建议使用新鲜样本和适当的保存方法，以避免DNA降解，并量化基因分型中的潜在错误，如假等位基因和无效等位基因。
Wild population management programs require determining some fundamental aspects for conservation, including population structure, flow between populations, evolutionary history and kinship, among others. Since sample collection from wild mammals for DNA extraction is a complex task, conservation genetics has developed non-invasive sampling techniques, which allow obtaining DNA without the need to capture individuals. For the genetic characterization of otter populations, stools are frequently used as source of DNA for amplification of molecular markers (microsatellites, mitochondrial segments and sequences for determining sex) in studies on genetic diversity, phylogeography, population structure and size, among others. This review summarizes the application of non-invasive sampling techniques in genetic studies of otter species. Genetic characterization studies that use stools as source of DNA support the usefulness of this material to get amplified markers in the genotyping of individuals. They also suggest the use of fresh samples and appropriate conservation methods to avoid DNA degradation, as well as quantify the potential errors in genotyping, such as false and null alleles.