Associations of grassland birds with vegetation structure in the Northern Campos of Uruguay
Associations of grassland birds with vegetation structure in the Northern Campos of Uruguay
复制标题
乌拉圭坎波斯北部草原鸟类与植被结构的关联
DOI：
10.1650/condor-15-49.1
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Blake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Azpiroz;J. Blake
摘要草原鸟类的数量由于栖息地的改变而减少，这些减少促使人们努力确定鸟类如何科普栖息地特征的变化，特别是在农业景观中。本研究的目的是探讨乌拉圭北方坎波斯草原鸟类与植被结构之间的关系。在农业管理不同的4个地点对植被变量进行采样：（1）“作物”地点，一年生作物和播种牧场的组合;（2）“牧场”地点，仅播种牧场;（3）“原生1”地点，绵羊和牛放牧的天然草地;和（4）“原生2”地点，原生潘帕斯草原鹿（Ozotoceros bezoarticus）和牛放牧的天然草地。我们使用多变量分析来研究鸟类丰度和植被变量之间的关系。不同地点的植被结构各不相同，这些差异大多与每个地点特有的具体管理活动有关。平均植被高度是更大的（和更多变），在耕地草地（作物和牧草网站），而平均百分比草接触（草覆盖）是更大的天然草地（本地1和2网站）。植被变量占鸟类分布和丰度的显着变化量（14.8%）。草原鸟类与植被高度、草覆盖度和植被斑块度的相关性最强。与这些环境梯度的最高值相关的一些物种是黑喉食籽雀（Sporophila ruficollis），植被高度;潘帕斯草原草地百灵（Sturnella defilippii），草覆盖;和穴居猫头鹰（Athene cunicularia），植被斑块。与兼性物种不同的是，许多草原专业鸟类与牲畜使用的天然草原的特征（即高草覆盖）有关。然而，其他人与典型的功能（即较高的植被）的耕地草原。因此，潘帕斯草原的鸟类种群不仅将受益于天然草原保护工作，而且还将受益于农业为主的土地的管理指南。
ABSTRACT Grassland birds are declining as a consequence of habitat modification, and these declines have generated efforts to determine how birds cope with changes in habitat features, especially in agricultural landscapes. The objective of our study was to examine the relationship between grassland birds and vegetation structure in the Northern Campos of Uruguay. Vegetation variables were sampled on 4 sites that differed in agricultural management: (1) “Crop” site, a combination of annual crops and seeded pastures; (2) “Pasture” site, seeded pastures only; (3) “Native 1” site, natural grasslands under sheep and cattle grazing; and (4) “Native 2” site, natural grasslands grazed by native Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) and cattle. We used multivariate analyses to examine the relationship between bird abundance and vegetation variables. Vegetation structure varied among sites, and most of these differences can be linked to specific management activities typical of each site. Mean vegetation height was greater (and more variable) in cultivated grasslands (Crop and Pasture sites), whereas mean percentage grass contacts (grass cover) was greater in natural grasslands (Native 1 and 2 sites). Vegetation variables accounted for a significant amount of variation in bird distribution and abundance (14.8%). Grassland birds were associated most strongly with vegetation height, grass cover, and vegetation patchiness. Some of the species associated with the highest values for these environmental gradients were Dark-throated Seedeater (Sporophila ruficollis), with vegetation height; Pampas Meadowlark (Sturnella defilippii), with grass cover; and Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia), with vegetation patchiness. Unlike facultative species, many grassland-specialist birds were associated with characteristic features (i.e. high grass cover) of natural grasslands used by livestock. Others, however, were associated with typical features (i.e. taller vegetation) of cultivated grasslands. Thus, Pampas grassland bird populations would benefit not only from native-grassland preservation efforts, but also from management guidelines for agriculture-dominated lands.
密切相关物种之间的局部排列中存在大量超微倒转
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
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影响因子：
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作者：
原雄一郎;今西規;Hara Y and Imanishi T
通讯作者：
Hara Y and Imanishi T
Amano,K.：“关于多重连通域的数值共形映射”信息。
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