Interpersonal Relationships and the Self-Concept
Interpersonal Relationships and the Self-Concept
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人际关系与自我概念
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-43747-3_5
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kumashiro M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kumashiro M
依恋安全与成年后的许多健康的个人和关系结果有关，但缺乏关于如何在非临床环境中增强依恋安全的研究。本章描述了依恋安全增强模型（ASEM），这是一个双过程模型，利用浪漫关系的力量来管理短暂的依恋焦虑或回避，并随着时间的推移培养更大的安全感。与伴侣的经历可以改变个人对自己和他人根深蒂固的信念和期望（工作模式）。ASEM建议伴侣可以采取“安全策略”来减轻依恋焦虑的潜在破坏性影响，以及“软策略”来减轻回避的影响。这种缓冲依恋不安全感的努力可以恢复平静，防止恶性循环，但不太可能解决强化不安全工作模式的潜在问题。因此，亚欧会议的第二部分认识到，合作伙伴需要通过培养自我和关系伙伴的积极特征来优化正在进行的非痛苦时期。焦虑的个体可以通过鼓励自信的经历变得更加安全，逃避型个体可以通过与依赖产生积极联系的相互依赖的经历变得更加安全。这些过程随着时间的推移而协同工作，以增强附件的安全性。本章将描述这种关系诱导的自我转化模型的主要原则。
Attachment security has been linked to a number of healthy personal and relational outcomes in adulthood, but research is lacking on how to enhance attachment security in non-clinical settings. This chapter describes the Attachment Security Enhancement Model (ASEM), a dual-process model that leverages the power of romantic relationships to manage momentary attachment anxiety or avoidance, and foster greater security over time. Experiences with partners can revise deeply-rooted beliefs and expectations individuals have about their self and others (working models). The ASEM suggests ‘safe strategies’ that partners can enact to mitigate the potentially destructive effects of attachment anxiety and ‘soft’ strategies to mitigate the effects of avoidance. Such efforts to buffer moments of attachment insecurity can restore calm and prevent a downward spiral, but are unlikely to address underlying issues that reinforce insecure working models. Therefore, the second part of the ASEM recognizes the need for partners to optimize ongoing periods of non-distress in ways that foster positive features of one’s self and one’s relationship partner. Anxious individuals can become more secure through experiences that encourage self-confidence, and avoidant individuals can become more secure with interdependent experiences that create positive associations with dependence. Such processes work in tandem over time to enhance attachment security. The chapter will describe the major tenets of this relationship induced self-transformative model.