Gender differences in cocaine craving among non-treatment-seeking individuals with cocaine dependence
Gender differences in cocaine craving among non-treatment-seeking individuals with cocaine dependence
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DOI：
10.1081/ada-100103705
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Gastfriend, DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elman, I;Karlsgodt, KH;Gastfriend, DR
这项试点研究的目的是评估潜在的性别差异，在可卡因依赖的非治疗寻求者之间的可卡因渴望。我们检查了10名女性和11名男性个体，根据人口统计学特征和药物使用的严重程度进行匹配;我们使用了多维度问卷，评估了渴望的各个方面：（a）当前强度，（B）预计强度，（c）对使用可卡因的抵抗力，（d）对药物相关条件刺激的反应性，以及（e）如果在获得药物的环境中，想象使用的可能性。使用的其他工具是抑郁和成瘾严重程度指数的汉密尔顿评定量表。女性受试者的总渴望分数较高（p <0.05），事后检验显示，女性受试者对使用可卡因的欲望和对药物条件刺激的反应性更强，而不使用可卡因的欲望分数沿着降低。在探索性分析中，我们发现钛男性比他们的男性同行更大的抑郁症（p = 0.02）和家庭/社会问题的严重性（p = 0.02）。这些结果表明，性别可能会影响可卡因渴望的不同方面。由于雌激素被认为是调节与渴求相关的多巴胺能系统，因此需要进一步的研究来证实这些观察到的性别差异，并研究其可能的机制，特别是雌激素-多巴胺相互作用及其对渴求和情绪的影响。
The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate potential gender differences in cocaine craving among non-treatment seekers with cocaine dependence. We examined 10 female and Il male individuals matched by demographic characteristics and severity of drug use; we used a multidimensional questionnaire that assesses various aspects of craving: (a) current intensity, (b) projected intensity, (c) resistance to use cocaine, (d) responsiveness to drug-related conditioned stimuli, and (e) imagined likelihood of use if in a setting with access to drugs. Other instruments utilized were the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and Addiction Severity Index. Female subjects had hight I total craving scores (p < .05), with post hoc tests showing more present desire to use cocaine and responsivity to drug-conditioned stimuli, along with lower scores on the desire not to use cocaine. In exploratory analyses, we found greater depressive symptomatology (p = .02) and severity of family/social problems (p = .02) in ti males than their males counterparts. These results suggest that gender may influence different aspects of cocaine craving. As estrogen is purported to modulate craving-related dopaminergic systems, further studies will be needed to confirm these observed gender differences and to investigate their possible mechanisms, particularly estrogen-dopamine interactions and their effect on craving and mood.