Reconstructing ancient dispersal through Antarctica: A case study of stream-inhabiting beetles
Reconstructing ancient dispersal through Antarctica: A case study of stream-inhabiting beetles
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DOI：
10.1111/jbi.14702
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发表时间：
2023-08-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Fikacek，Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sykora，Vit;Herrera-Alsina，Leonel;Fikacek，Martin
虽然南极洲在过去曾拥有多种多样的动物和植物群，但其现代气候对许多谱系来说过于极端：它们最近的灭绝使得很难将该大陆纳入历史地理学分析。我们使用南部温带溪流栖息甲虫作为模型来探索南极洲是否可以包括在今天南极洲缺席的一个组中的历史地理重建中，并测试其在塑造溪流栖息昆虫当前分布中的作用。TaxonColeoptera，Elmidae。LocationSouthern Hemisphere Temperature regions and Antarctica.MethodsWe included Antarctica in historical Approaching including Antarctica indirectly，作为距离矩阵的一个组成部分，指定大陆的相对位置，或者通过指定南极洲作为其余大陆之间的垫脚石（在LEMAD中）。我们使用了一个新构建的日期Elmidae的进化论来测试这些约束分析在不同的参数设置和地理scenaries.ResultsAntarctica的性能可以实施到历史的地理分析，通过间接的限制，以产生生物相关的重建时，长距离的传播事件是高度惩罚，每个物种的最大数量的地区是低的，预期的灭绝率是高的（在LEMAD）。不受约束的模型，包括那些没有南极洲的模型，产生了更简单的情景，地理事件更少，更适合数据。南方分支的起源Elmidae post-date冈瓦纳大陆的分离.Main ConclusionsAntarctica可以包括在历史地理重建的先验假设下，（1）它是古代地理的分支的一部分，（2）分类群具有有限的传播能力，使长距离传播极不可能和（3）最大范围的大小是有限的。这些假设在生物学上对许多动物群体都是合理的。水上扩散在塑造南方溪流栖息甲虫的现代分布方面至关重要，可能是洋流和南极洲的扩散促进的，直到渐新世。
AimAlthough Antarctica hosted a diverse fauna and flora in the past, its modern climate is too extreme for many lineages: their recent extinction makes it difficult to include the continent in historical biogeographical analyses. We use southern temperate stream‐inhabiting beetles as a model to explore whether Antarctica may be included in historical biogeographic reconstructions in a group absent from Antarctica today, and to test its role in shaping the current distribution of stream‐inhabiting insects.TaxonColeoptera, Elmidae.LocationSouthern Hemisphere temperate regions and Antarctica.MethodsWe included Antarctica in historical biogeographic analyses indirectly, as a component of distance matrices specifying the relative positions of continents, or by specifying Antarctica as a stepping‐stone between remaining continents (in LEMAD). We used a newly constructed dated phylogeny of Elmidae to test the performance of these constrained analyses under different parameter settings and geographical scenarios.ResultsAntarctica can be implemented into historical biogeographic analyses via indirect constraints to produce biologically relevant reconstructions when long‐distance dispersal events are highly penalized, the maximum number of areas per species is low, and expected extinction rates are high (in LEMAD). Unconstrained models, including those without Antarctica, result in simpler scenarios with fewer biogeographic events and better fit to data. The origin of austral clades of Elmidae post‐date the separation of Gondwanan landmasses.Main ConclusionsAntarctica can be included in historical biogeographic reconstructions under a priori assumptions that (1) it was part of the ancient biogeography of the clade, (2) the taxon has limited dispersal ability, making long‐distance dispersal highly unlikely and (3) maximum range size is limited. These assumptions may be biologically justified for many animal groups. Over‐water dispersal has been crucial in shaping the modern distribution of austral stream‐inhabiting beetles, likely facilitated by ocean currents and dispersal through Antarctica until the Oligocene.