Long-term trends of Great Lakes major ion chemistry
Long-term trends of Great Lakes major ion chemistry
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jglr.2012.06.010
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Warren, Glenn J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapra, Steven C.;Dove, Alice;Warren, Glenn J.
来自美国和加拿大联邦监测计划的数据被汇编，以评估劳伦特五大湖中每个湖的主要离子的长期趋势。时间序列开发的主要阳离子和阴离子，以及特定的电导率和碱度。当与历史估计相结合时，这些现代数据集提供了每个湖泊150年的化学组成概况。由于它们的停留时间长，上级湖，密歇根湖和休伦湖表现出持续增加的大多数离子。伊利湖和安大略湖的几种离子（氯化物、钠、钙和硫酸盐）以及电导率在1965年至1975年之间达到峰值，但随后开始下降。减少是由于不同的机制：工业点排放量减少（钠，氯化物），大气负荷下降（硫酸盐），并引进外来dreissenid贻贝（钙）。最近的数据表明，这些离子现在再次增加（氯化物，钠）或已经稳定（钙，硫酸盐）。这些结果确定了五大湖的化学组成由于人为影响而发生了多大的变化，并强调了长期、系统、水质监测的重要性。(C)国际五大湖研究协会。Elsevier B.V.出版，保留所有权利。
Data from U.S. and Canadian federal monitoring programs are compiled to assess long-term trends of major ions in each of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Time series are developed for the primary cations and anions as well as for specific conductance and alkalinity. When combined with historical estimates, these modern datasets provide a 150-year overview of each lake's chemical makeup. Because of their long residence times, lakes Superior, Michigan and Huron exhibit persistent increases in most ions. For lakes Erie and Ontario, several ions (chloride, sodium, calcium and sulfate), as well as specific conductance, reached peak levels between 1965 and 1975, but then began to decline. The decreases are attributable to different mechanisms: industrial point discharge reductions (sodium, chloride), atmospheric loading declines (sulfate), and the introduction of exotic dreissenid mussels (calcium). Recent data indicate that these ions are now increasing again (chloride, sodium) or have leveled off (calcium, sulfate). The results establish how much the chemical makeup of the Great Lakes has changed due to anthropogenic influences, and underscore the importance of long-term, systematic, water-quality monitoring. (C) 2012 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.