CONSEQUENCES OF DOMINANCE-MEDIATED HABITAT SEGREGATION IN AMERICAN REDSTARTS DURING THE NONBREEDING SEASON
CONSEQUENCES OF DOMINANCE-MEDIATED HABITAT SEGREGATION IN AMERICAN REDSTARTS DURING THE NONBREEDING SEASON
复制标题
非繁殖季节美洲红鸲中由优势介导的栖息地隔离的后果
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Holmes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Marra;R. Holmes
摘要几种迁徙鸣禽在新热带越冬地表现出明显的栖息地隔离现象，雌雄鸟占据不同的栖息地类型。在美国红尾椋鸟（Setophaga ruticilla）中，性栖息地隔离是老年雄性行为主导的结果。在这项研究中，我们研究了这种优势行为和由此产生的差异性栖息地隔离是否对被排斥个体的状况或生存产生影响。我们量化的身体状况和生存的红尾鱼（男性和女性）占据两种栖息地类型，不同的比例，男性和女性在牙买加。两种性别的红尾莺占据女性偏向的栖息地失去了显着更多的质量越冬，并有较低的年生存率和寿命相比，个人在男性偏向的栖息地。这些结果表明，nonbreeding栖息地不同的适合性，最不适合的栖息地被占领的女性为主。由于大多数雌性红尾鸫被迫在这些栖息地过冬，它们在春季迁徙到繁殖地之前，往往会处于不良的生理状态。这反过来可能会影响动态的繁殖期，通过确定他们的条件，也许繁殖成功。此外，由于冬季栖息地隔离似乎降低女性生存，它也可能限制繁殖女性的数量和可用性。这些结果表明，在非繁殖期发生的事件，发挥了关键作用，这一迁徙物种的年度动态。
Abstract Several species of migratory songbirds exhibit a distinct form of habitat segregation while on their Neotropical wintering grounds in which males and females occupy different habitat types. In the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla), that sexual habitat segregation is a result of behavioral dominance of older males. In that study, we examined whether such dominance behavior and the resulting differential habitat segregation has consequences for the condition or survival of excluded individuals. We quantified the physical condition and survival of redstarts (both males and females) occupying two habitat types that differed in the proportion of males and females present in Jamaica. Both sexes of redstarts occupying female-biased habitat lost significantly more mass over-winter and had lower annual survival and longevity compared to individuals in male-biased habitat. These results suggest that nonbreeding habitats differed in suitability, with the least suitable habitat being occupied predominately by females. Because most female redstarts are forced to over-winter in these kinds of habitats, they may often be in poor physiological condition prior to departing on spring migration for the breeding grounds. This in turn may influence dynamics of the breeding period by determining their condition and perhaps reproductive success. Furthermore, because winter habitat segregation appears to lower female survivorship, it may also limit the number and availability of breeding females. These results implicate events that occur during the nonbreeding period as playing a critical role in the annual dynamics of this migratory species.