Tobacco advertising and press coverage of smoking and health in 10 years of Argentinean newspapers.
Tobacco advertising and press coverage of smoking and health in 10 years of Argentinean newspapers.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cvdpc.2011.04.002
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
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描述在2001年实施自愿广告禁令之前和之后，阿根廷最大的报纸上发表的与烟草有关的图像、广告和文章的程度和内容。从1995年到2004年，对四家主要全国性报纸每年四个月的发行情况进行了审查。我们记录了烟草图片（广告或没有），烟草为重点的文章，空间使用，并在报纸中的位置的数量。回归分析评价了时间趋势。我们从4828个不同的问题中识别出1800张图片和文章。非广告图像最常见（71.2%），其次是文章（20%）和广告图像（8.8%）。广告只出现在两份最畅销的报纸上，大多数（57%）出现在星期日杂志上，21%出现在体育版上。非广告图像发布在体育和娱乐部分（55%），88%显示公众人物。在336篇文章中，39%关注健康主题，55%强调烟草对健康的负面影响。回归模型显示，在2001年之前，广告图像和文章的数量随着时间的推移而显著下降，而非广告图像的数量则显著增加。从2001年开始，每个结果的趋势都改变了方向，趋势变化的幅度对广告图像和非广告图像都很重要。2001年，非广告图像的数量从模型预测的每年178幅大幅下降到103幅，此后保持不变。在此期间，烟草图片超过了阿根廷报纸上关于烟草危害的信息。在自愿禁止广告之后，2001年至2005年的广告有所增加。部分禁止广告是无效的，必须全面禁止。
To describe the extent and content of tobacco-related images, advertising and articles published in the largest Argentinean newspapers before and after a voluntary advertising ban implemented in 2001. Issues from four months of each year of the four main national newspapers were examined from 1995 to 2004. We recorded the number of tobacco images (advertisement or not), tobacco-focused articles, space used, and placement within the newspaper. Regression analyses evaluated time trends. We identified 1800 images and articles from 4828 different issues. Non-advertisement images were the most frequent (71.2%), followed by articles (20%) and advertisement images (8.8%). Advertisements only appeared in the two best selling newspapers with a majority (57%) in the Sunday magazine and 21% in the sports sections. Non-advertisement images were published in the sports and entertainment sections (55%) and showed a public figure in 88%. Of 336 articles, 39% focused on health topics and 55% emphasized the negative effects of tobacco on health. Regression models showed that prior to 2001 there were significant time-related decreases in ad images and articles and significant increases in non-ad images. The trend of each outcome changed direction beginning in 2001 and the magnitude of the change in trend was significant for ad images and non-ad images. The number of non-ad images dropped significantly in 2001 from a model-predicted value of 178 per year to 103 non-ad images and remained constant thereafter. Tobacco images exceeded information about tobacco hazards in Argentinean newspapers over this period. Advertisement increased from 2001 to 2005, following the voluntary advertisements ban. Partial advertisement bans are ineffective and a total ban is imperative.