Aspects of the embryology and neural development of the American lobster.
Aspects of the embryology and neural development of the American lobster.
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美国龙虾的胚胎学和神经发育方面。
DOI：
10.1002/jez.1402610308
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gammill,LS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beltz,BS;Helluy,SM;Ruchhoeft,ML;Gammill,LS
研究龙虾胚胎中可识别神经元的解剖、生理和生化特性是可行的。为了充分利用这种制备的优势并为单细胞研究奠定基础，我们最近的目标是：1）建立胚胎的定量分期系统，2）详细记录龙虾的胚胎发育，3）确定何时唯一可识别的神经元首次获得其递质表型，以及4）识别可能具有发育功能的特定神经元。行为、解剖学、形态测量和免疫细胞化学研究对龙虾胚胎的生长和成熟进行了详细描述，并采用了基于Perkins眼睛指数的百分比分期系统（鱼。公牛，70：95 - 99，1972）。从这些研究中可以清楚地看出，龙虾无节幼体在大约12%胚胎发育（E12%）时蜕皮为后无节幼体，后无节幼体随后在卵内经历完整的蜕皮周期。蜕皮周期的高潮是孵化后不久出现的第一阶段幼虫。血清素和proctolin是广泛分布在龙虾神经系统中的神经激素，在发育的不同时期出现。5-羟色胺免疫反应神经元开始出现在约E10%，与成人补体被建立在E50%。与此相反，proctolin免疫反应神经元出现较晚，并达到其充分的补充，在一个漫长的时期，包括幼虫和少年阶段。此外，还研究了多巴胺能中脑神经元及其靶点（大脑中的嗅叶和副叶）的发育。嗅叶在E10%时形成，并在E50%时获得了球状组织，而副叶的形成被延迟;在E50%时看到副叶的早期雏形，球状组织直到第二幼虫阶段才形成。
It is feasible to study the anatomical, physiological, and biochemical properties of identifiable neurons in lobster embryos. To exploit fully the advantages of this preparation and to lay the foundation for single‐cell studies, our recent goals have been to 1) establish a quantitative staging system for embryos, 2) document in detail the lobster's embryonic development, 3) determine when uniquely identifiable neurons first acquire their transmitter phenotypes, and 4) identify particular neurons that may serve developmental functions. Behavioral, anatomical, morphometric, and immunocytochemical studies have led to a detailed characterization of the growth and maturation of lobster embryos and to the adoption of a percent‐ staging system based upon the eye index of Perkins (Fish. Bull., 70:95–99, 1972). It is clear from these studies that the lobster nauplius molts at approximately 12% embryonic development (E12%) into a metanauplius, which subsequently undergoes a complete molt cycle within the egg. This molt cycle climaxes with the emergence of the first‐stage larva shortly after hatching.Serotonin and proctolin, neurohormones widely distributed in the lobster nervous system, appear at different times in development. Serotonin immunoreactive neurons begin to appear at approximately E10%, with the adult complement being established by E50%. In contrast, proctolin immunoreactive neurons appear later and attain their full complement over a protracted period including larval and juvenile stages. The development of serotonergic deutocerebral neurons and their targets, the olfactory and accessory lobes in the brain, are also examined. The olfactory lobes are forming by E10% and have acquired their glomerulur organization by E50%, whereas the formation of the accessory lobes is delayed; the early rudiments of the accessory lobes are seen by E50%, and glomeruli do not form until the second larval stage.