Flame retardation of polypropylene via a novel intumescent flame retardant: Ethylenediamine-modified ammonium polyphosphate
Flame retardation of polypropylene via a novel intumescent flame retardant: Ethylenediamine-modified ammonium polyphosphate
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DOI：
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.10.005
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Wang, Yu-Zhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shao, Zhu-Bao;Deng, Cong;Wang, Yu-Zhong
通过与乙二胺的离子交换反应对聚磷酸铵(APP)进行改性，并将改性后的聚磷酸铵(MAPP)单独用于熔融共混制得膨胀型阻燃聚丙烯(PP)。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧试验(UL-94)和锥形量热仪(CC)研究了含MAPP的PP的阻燃性能。含40wt%MAPP的PP的LOI值达到325%，比相同APP含量的PP提高了56.9%，在样品厚度为1.6 mm的情况下，UL-94评级为V-O，而后者没有评级。CC测试结果表明，PP/MAPP体系的放热率(HRR)、质量损失率(MLR)和发烟率(SPR)均显著低于纯PP和PP/APP体系。尤其是含35wt%MAPP的PP的燃烧增长速率(FGR)和SPR峰值比含35wt%APP的PP分别降低了89.1%和63.2%。这些结果表明，只有在不添加成炭剂的情况下加入MAPP才能成功地阻燃PP。用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等方法对MAPP的阻燃机理进行了研究，发现C-N键断裂后生成的碳双键和由P-N-C、C-N等稳定结构组成的残基都使MAPP的炭化能力大大提高，这可能是PP/MAPP体系在没有添加任何成炭剂的情况下阻燃性能比APP好的主要原因。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Ammonium polyphosphate (form I APP) was modified via ion exchange reaction with ethylenediamine, and the resulting modified ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) was used alone to prepare intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) polypropylene (PP) via melt blending. The flame retardancy of PP containing MAPP was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94) and cone calorimeter (CC). The LOI value of PP containing 40 wt% of MAPP reached 325%, which increased by 56.9% compared with that of PP with the same content of APP, and the UL-94 rating was V-O in the case of specimen thickness of 1.6 mm, while the latter had no rating. CC test results showed that the heat release rate (HRR), the mass loss rate (MLR) and the smoke production rate (SPR) of PP/MAPP system decreased significantly compared with neat PP and PP/APP systems. Especially the fire growth rate (FGR) and SPR peak of PP containing 35 wt% MAPP decreased by 89.1% and 63.2% respectively compared with those of PP containing 35 wt% APP. These results demonstrated that only by incorporating the MAPP without additional charring agents, could PP be successfully flame retarded. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) etc. were used to investigate the flame retardant mechanism of MAPP, and it was found that both the generation of carbon carbon double bonds after the scission of C-N bonds and the residue consisting of some stable structures such as P-N-C and C-N etc. caused the charring ability to increase dramatically, which must be the principal reason for the much better flame retardancy of PP/MAPP system without any additional charring agent compared with APP. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.