Chemistry and Properties of Nanocrystals of Different Shapes
Chemistry and Properties of Nanocrystals of Different Shapes
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DOI：
10.1002/chin.200527215
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发表时间：
2005-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Burda;Xiaobo Chen;R. Narayanan;M. El-Sayed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Burda;Xiaobo Chen;R. Narayanan;M. El-Sayed
在过去的十年中，纳米催化领域（纳米颗粒被用来催化反应）经历了指数级的增长。已经进行了两种类型的研究，溶液中的均相催化和非均相催化，其中纳米颗粒被支持在基质上。由于纳米颗粒与块状材料相比具有较大的表面体积比，因此它们被用作催化剂很有吸引力。1996年，人们证明了可以合成不同形状的过渡金属纳米颗粒，并讨论了使用不同形状催化不同反应的潜力。567最近研究表明，不同形状的铂纳米粒子在胶体溶液中进行相同的电子转移反应时，其活性确实不同。这种潜在的形状依赖性催化作用增加了使用纳米颗粒作为催化剂的优势。当然，带有角和边的小材料可能会使其表面原子在其催化的化学反应中不稳定，并且可能发生形状变化。570
The field of nanocatalysis (in which nanoparticles are used to catalyze reactions) has undergone an exponential growth during the past decade. Two types of studies have been carried out, homogeneous catalysis in solution and heterogeneous catalysis in which the nanoparticles are supported on a substrate. Because nanoparticles have a large surface-to-volume ratio compared to bulk materials, they are attractive to use as catalysts. In 1996, it was demonstrated that transition metal nanoparticles can be synthesized with different shapes, and the potential of using different shapes to catalyze different reactions was discussed. 567 Recently, it has been shown that the activities of platinum nanoparticles of different shapes are indeed different for the same electron-transfer reaction in colloidal solution. 568 This potential shapedependent catalysis adds to the advantage of using nanoparticles as catalysts. Of course, being small with corners and edges could make their surface atoms unstable during the chemical reaction they catalyze, and shape changes could occur. 570