Archeology as Long‐Term Ethnography
Archeology as Long‐Term Ethnography
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作为长期民族志的考古学
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Jochim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Jochim
每年的行为变化在考古学上是看不见的，但它可能对考古记录产生重要影响。此外，当前的许多理论要求我们关注这种变化。考古学家必须将考古记录视为长期的民族志，而不是从民族志中采用规范性的重建，这种行为的变化使其混淆。从生态学的角度来看，行为变化的模式可以与环境特征联系起来，并对定居和生存的考古记录产生影响。德国西南部的旧石器时代和中石器时代被用来说明这种方法。
Behavioral variation from year to year is archeologically invisible, yet it may have important effects on the archeological record. Moreover, much of current theory demands that we give attention to such variation. Rather than adopting normative reconstructions from ethnographies, archeologists must view the archeological record as a long-term ethnography, confounded by such variations in behavior. Using an ecological perspective, patterns of behavioral variation can be linked to environmental characteristics, with implications for the archeological record of settlement and subsistence. The Paleolithic and Mesolithic of southwest Germany are used to illustrate this approach.