Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive aging: Evidence from structural magnetic resonance imaging
Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive aging: Evidence from structural magnetic resonance imaging
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DOI：
10.1037/0894-4105.12.1.95
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Acker, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raz, N;Gunning-Dixon, FM;Acker, JD
为了研究认知功能受年龄差异影响的假定脑基质，作者测量了健康成年人（18-77岁）的皮层区域体积和执行功能、工作记忆、外显记忆和启动测试的表现。结果表明，前额叶皮层的萎缩介导了与年龄相关的持续性增加。视觉加工区的体积预测非语言工作记忆任务的表现。相反的假设，在检查的年龄范围内，边缘结构的体积是无关的任何认知功能，言语工作记忆，言语外显记忆，言语启动是独立的皮质体积。然而，在60岁以上的参与者中，边缘结构体积的减少预示着外显记忆的下降。年龄对所有认知指标产生不利影响，尽管其对启动的影响只是间接的，介导的言语工作记忆下降。
To examine putative brain substrates of cognitive functions differentially affected by age the authors measured the volume of cortical regions and performance on tests of executive functions, working memory, explicit memory, and priming in healthy adults (18-77 years old). The results indicate that shrinkage of the prefrontal cortex mediates age-related increases in perseveration. The volume of visual processing areas predicted performance on nonverbal working memory tasks. Contrary to the hypotheses, in the examined age range, the volume of limbic structures was unrelated to any of the cognitive functions; verbal working memory, verbal explicit memory, and verbal priming were independent of cortical volumes. Nevertheless, among the participants aged above 60,reduction in the volume of limbic structures predicted declines in explicit memory. Chronological age adversely influenced all cognitive indices, although its effects on priming were only indirect, mediated by declines in verbal working memory.