Forest ecosystems and the changing patterns of nitrogen input and acid deposition today and in the future based on a scenario
Forest ecosystems and the changing patterns of nitrogen input and acid deposition today and in the future based on a scenario
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bf02987301
复制
发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Roelofs, GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Busch, G;Lammel, G;Roelofs, GJ
针对当前[1980-1990年]和未来[2040-2050年]的预测，对氮和硫循环的人为扰动对森林生态系统的影响进行了全球评估，预测的经济发展情景代表了根据专家猜测的中等发展路径[IPCC IS92a]。结果表明，森林土壤的氮和酸沉降量将显著增加，且沉降模式可能发生变化。除北美东北部和中欧众所周知的“热点”地区外，最容易发生土壤缓冲能力枯竭和超临界氮沉积的地区是南美洲和东南亚的亚热带和热带地区。然而，可能面临这两种风险的森林面积仍然只占全球森林生态系统的一小部分。但富营养化与酸化之间的偏倚将变得更大，增加氮输入的施肥效应引发的生长增强不能被森林土壤养分库所平衡。结果表明，与1980-1990年的情况相比，进入森林生态系统的负荷可能增加46%，氮负荷可能增加36%。超过25%的全球森林生态系统和超过50%的酸敏感土壤森林生态系统的全球背景沉降量将超过5kg N ha(-1) a（-1）。酸敏感土壤上超过33%的森林生态系统将承受超过其缓冲能力的酸负荷。在酸负荷超标的森林区域中，约有25%的森林区域将承受临界氮负荷。
A global assessment of the impact of the anthropogenic perturbation of the nitrogen and sulfur cycles on forest ecosystems is carried out for both the present-day [1980-1990] and for a projection into the future [2040-2050] under a scenario of economic development which represents a medium path of development according to expert guess [IPCC IS92a]. Results show that forest soils will receive considerably increasing loads of nitrogen and acid deposition and that deposition patterns are likely to change. The regions which are most prone to depletion of soils buffering capacity and supercritical nitrogen deposition are identified in the subtropical and tropical regions of South America and Southeast Asia apart from the well known 'hotspots' North-East ern America and Central Europe. The forest areas likely to meet these two risks are still a minor fraction of the global forest ecosystems, though. But the bias between eutrophication and acidification will become greater and an enhanced growth triggered by the fertilizing effects of increasing nitrogen input cannot be balanced by the forest soils nutrient pools.Results show increasing loads into forest ecosystems which are likely to account for 46% higher acid loads and 36% higher nitrogen loads in relation to the 1980-1990 situation. Global background deposition of up to 5kg N ha(-1) a(-1) will be exceeded at more than 25% of global forest ecosystems and at more than 50% of forest ecosystems on acid sensitive soils. More than 33% of forest ecosystems on acid sensitive soils will receive acid loads which exceeds their buffering capacity. About 25% of forest areas with exceeded acid loads will receive critical nitrogen loads.