Impacts of aphid herbivory on mycorrhizal growth responses across three cultivars of wheat
Impacts of aphid herbivory on mycorrhizal growth responses across three cultivars of wheat
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DOI：
10.1002/ppp3.10302
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发表时间：
2022-08-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Field，Katie J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charters，Michael D.;Durant，Emily K.;Field，Katie J.
社会影响声明预计到2050年，地球人口将增加到97亿，从而导致以可持续方式增加农业产量的压力越来越大。丛枝菌根（AM）真菌可能是这一农业转型的重要参与者，因为它们能够改善土壤和植物健康。农作物通过AM真菌获得的利益可能是品种特异性的，也受到昆虫植食性的影响，尽管这些因素的综合影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明，在一个具有经济和社会意义的三方系统中，作物品种、AM定殖和蚜虫植食对植物生长和营养状况的影响是相互作用的。AM真菌与大多数植物（包括主要作物）相关，通常增加植物对土壤养分的获取，增强对害虫和病原体的防御，以换取光合碳（C）。然而，植物对AM真菌的生长反应因物种和基因型而异，这是一个与农作物品种在AM功能中发挥重要作用的农业生态系统相关的问题。有证据表明，其他生物相互作用，包括与食液蚜虫的相互作用，会影响植物中AM共生体的功能。尽管如此，这些生物因素是否改变基因型（或品种）特异性植物生长和营养反应的AM真菌定植仍不清楚。一种普遍存在的AM真菌（Rhizophagus irregularis）的差异在于是否存在樱桃燕麦蚜虫我们的研究结果表明，虽然AM真菌定殖和AM介导的植物生长反应不受蚜虫取食的影响，但在寄主植物获得的营养物质获取和根系生长方面，品种之间存在差异，了解是什么原因导致品种特异性结果以及它们最终如何影响植物生长促进、作物产量和粮食产量是农业生态学未来的关键研究目标。
Societal Impact StatementThe Earth's population is projected to rise to 9.7 billion by 2050 resulting in mounting pressure to increase agricultural yields in a sustainable manner. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi may be important players in this agricultural transition given their capacity to improve soil and plant health. Benefits gained by crops hosting AM fungi can be cultivar‐specific and also affected by insect herbivory, although the combined effect of these factors remains unclear. Here, we show that, in an economically and socially significant tri‐partite system, there is interplay between crop cultivar, AM colonisation and aphid herbivory on plant growth and nutritional status.SummaryArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are critical components of the rhizosphere across nearly all terrestrial biomes. AM fungi associate with most plants, including major crops, usually increasing plant access to soil nutrients and enhancing defence against pests and pathogens in return for photosynthetic carbon (C). However, plant growth responses to AM fungi vary according to species and genotype, an issue pertinent in agro‐ecosystems where crop cultivar can play an important role in AM function. Evidence suggests other biotic interactions, including with sap‐feeding aphids, impact the function of AM symbioses in plants. Nonetheless, whether these biotic factors alter genotype (or cultivar)‐specific plant growth and nutritional responses to colonisation by AM fungi remains unclear.Here, we investigated whether mycorrhizal responsiveness of three cultivars of wheat (Triticum eastivumL.) to colonisation by a ubiquitously occurring AM fungus (Rhizophagus irregularis) differ in the presence or absence of bird cherry‐oat aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi), a major pest of cereals.Our findings show that although AM fungal colonisation and AM‐mediated plant growth responses were not affected by aphid feeding, there was variation between cultivars in the benefits gained by host plants in terms of nutrient acquisition and root growth, while aphid abundances also differed between wheat varieties.Understanding what causes cultivar‐specific outcomes and how they ultimately impact plant growth promotion, crop yields and food production represent key future research goals in agroecology.