Human Display and Dispersal: A Case Study from Biotidal Britain in the Middle and Upper Pleistocene
Human Display and Dispersal: A Case Study from Biotidal Britain in the Middle and Upper Pleistocene
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DOI：
10.1002/evan.20209
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gamble, Clive
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gamble, Clive
在过去20年的古人类学研究中，古人类的扩散和人类的殖民一直是标志性的概念（1-7），尽管这些方法中的术语定义很松散（框1）。在全球范围内，已经分析了扩散的数量，频率和路线，[8]从最早的人类在非洲和亚洲之间的运动开始，然后再回来。(9)调查分散提供了一个急需的动态来解释非洲最近的人类起源（10）和其他地方的旧区域人类种群（包括尼安德特人）的替代。(11)在过去的20年里，基于大量分子研究的地理学极大地增加了我们对从旧石器时代到维京人的全球人口历史的理解，特别是重振了农业扩散的研究。(13)因此，第四纪古人类和人类一直在移动，这是前所未有的。然而，并非所有这些运动都被认为是在一个进化的框架。相反，人们的兴趣集中在使用分散来支持新石器时代或人类革命作为人类史前史转折点的说法。在这里，我探索一个替代方案，考虑发生在旧石器时代的技术从仪器到容器的重大转变的影响。(14)我认为，这种发展可以解释为选择性的压力，从人口分散的新形式的文化展示，增强适应通才之间的信息交流，并允许拉伸的社会关系在空间和时间。(15)英国旧石器时代的记录提供了一个案例研究。
Hominin dispersal and human colonization have been hallmark concepts in the last two decades of palaeanthropological research,(1-7) even though the terminology in these approaches is loosely defined (Box 1). The number, frequency, and routes of dispersal have been analyzed on a global scale,(8) beginning with the earliest movement of hominins between Africa and Asia, and back again.(9) Investigating dispersals has provided a much-needed dynamic to account for recent human origins in Africa(10) and the replacement elsewhere of older regional hominin populations that include the Neanderthals.(11) In the last twenty years, phylogeographies based on a wealth of molecular studies have added enormously to our understanding of global population history from the Paleolithic to the Vikings(12) and has, in particular, revitalized the study of farming dispersals.(13) As a result, Quaternary hominins and humans have been on the move as never before. However, not all of these movements are considered within an evolutionary framework. Interest has focused instead on using dispersals to support the claims for either a Neolithic or human revolution as the turning point in human prehistory. Here, I explore an alternative by considering the implications of the major shift that occurred in Paleolithic technology from instruments to containers.(14) I argue that this development can be explained by the selective pressure from population dispersal for novel forms of cultural display that enhanced information exchange among adaptive generalists and which allowed the stretching of social relationships in space and time.(15) The British Paleolithic record provides a case study.