Incorporating connectivity into conservation planning for the optimal representation of multiple species and ecosystem services.
Incorporating connectivity into conservation planning for the optimal representation of multiple species and ecosystem services.
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将连通性纳入保护规划，以最佳地体现多个物种和生态系统服务。
DOI：
10.1111/cobi.13450
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Williams SH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams SH
保护规划往往侧重于保护物种的范围或景观连通性，但很少两者兼而有之--特别是在分类组合多样化和规划目标多样的情况下。因此，缺乏关于保持景观连通性和实现其他保护目标之间的潜在权衡的信息。我们开发了一种优化方法，以最大限度地保护物种的范围、生态系统类型和森林碳储量，同时还包括范围转移物种的栖息地连通性和连接保护区的扩散走廊。我们将我们的方法应用于马来西亚沙巴州，那里的州政府要求将保护区覆盖面积增加约30.5万公顷，但没有具体说明应该在哪里设立新的保护区。与没有包含这两个连通性特征的保护规划方法相比，我们的方法将散布走廊和立面连通性的保护分别增加了13%和21%。无论是否包括连通性，脊椎动物和植物物种的范围和森林类型的覆盖率都是相同的。与不包括连接功能时相比，我们的方法保护的森林碳减少了2%，蝴蝶范围减少了3%。因此，将连通性纳入保护规划可以大大增加对景观连通性的保护，同时最大限度地减少其他保护目标的代表性。
Conservation planning tends to focus on protecting species’ ranges or landscape connectivity but seldom both—particularly in the case of diverse taxonomic assemblages and multiple planning goals. Therefore, information on potential trade‐offs between maintaining landscape connectivity and achieving other conservation objectives is lacking. We developed an optimization approach to prioritize the maximal protection of species’ ranges, ecosystem types, and forest carbon stocks, while also including habitat connectivity for range‐shifting species and dispersal corridors to link protected area. We applied our approach to Sabah, Malaysia, where the state government mandated an increase in protected‐area coverage of approximately 305,000 ha but did not specify where new protected areas should be. Compared with a conservation planning approach that did not incorporate the 2 connectivity features, our approach increased the protection of dispersal corridors and elevational connectivity by 13% and 21%, respectively. Coverage of vertebrate and plant species’ ranges and forest types were the same whether connectivity was included or excluded. Our approach protected 2% less forest carbon and 3% less butterfly range than when connectivity features were not included. Hence, the inclusion of connectivity into conservation planning can generate large increases in the protection of landscape connectivity with minimal loss of representation of other conservation targets.