Effects of halothane, propofol, and thiopental on peripheral airway reactivity.
Effects of halothane, propofol, and thiopental on peripheral airway reactivity.
复制标题
氟烷、丙泊酚和硫喷妥钠对外周气道反应性的影响。
DOI：
10.1097/00000542-199308000-00014
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Lindeman,KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mehr,EH;Lindeman,KS
背景全麻通过多种机制改变气道反应性，包括直接作用于气道平滑肌和减少神经反射活动。氟烷已被证明通过这两种机制降低反应性。巴比妥类药物的气道影响是有争议的，异丙酚的影响是unknow.MethodsTo比较氟烷，硫喷妥钠，异丙酚在体内的直接影响，犬外周气道收缩与两个刺激，组胺和低碳酸血症，这被认为是直接收缩平滑肌。然后，作者研究了ATP敏感性钾（KATP）通道作为减弱这些反应的机制的作用。Basenji-Greyhound（BG）犬用氟烷（1.5 MAC）、硫喷妥钠（7.5 mg. kg-1 × min-1静脉注射）加芬太尼（每20-30分钟静脉注射25微克）或丙泊酚（0.6 mg. kg-1 × min-1静脉注射）。使用楔形支气管镜技术测量外周气道阻力（RP）。在获得稳定的基线后，构建了组胺（50、100或200微克静脉推注）或低碳酸血症（0%CO2持续2分钟，侧支流量为100、200或400 ml/min）的剂量反应曲线。在不同的场合，相同的sublobar节段进行预处理格列本脲（2毫克/毫升的气雾剂），KATP通道阻滞剂，和剂量-反应曲线低碳酸血症repeated.ResultsDose-response曲线组胺在所有三种麻醉药相似。与硫喷妥钠或丙泊酚相比，氟烷降低了气道对低碳酸血症的反应性（P< 0.05）。格列本脲预处理废除了氟烷对hypocarnia诱导的airway constrictions.ConclusionsThese结果表明，异丙酚提供没有好处，硫喷妥钠或氟烷在降低外周气道反应性。此外，氟烷在降低对低碳酸血症的反应性方面的有益作用似乎是通过KATP通道的开放介导的。
BackgroundGeneral anesthetics modify airway responsiveness by several mechanisms, including direct effects on airway smooth muscle and reductions in neural reflex activity. Halothane has been shown to reduce responsiveness through both of these mechanisms. The airway effects of barbiturates are controversial, and the effects of propofol are unknown.MethodsTo compare the direct effects of halothane, thiopental, and propofol in vivo, canine peripheral airways were constricted with two stimuli, histamine and hypocapnia, which are thought to directly contract smooth muscle. The authors then investigated the role of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels as a mechanism for attenuating these responses. Basenji-Greyhound (BG) dogs were anesthetized with either halothane (1.5 MAC), thiopental (7.5 mg. kg-1 x min-1 intravenously) plus fentanyl (25 micrograms intravenously every 20-30 min), or propofol (0.6 mg. kg-1 x min-1 intravenously). A wedged bronchoscope technique was used to measure peripheral airway resistance (RP). After a stable baseline was obtained, dose-response curves to histamine (50, 100, or 200 micrograms intravenous bolus) or hypocapnia (0% CO2 for 2 min with 100, 200, or 400 ml/min collateral flow) were constructed. On separate occasions, the same sublobar segments were pretreated with glibenclamide (2 mg/ml aerosol), a KATP channel blocker, and dose-response curves to hypocapnia were repeated.ResultsDose-response curves to histamine were similar during all three anesthetics. Halothane decreased airway responsiveness to hypocapnia, compared with either thiopental or propofol (P< 0.05). Pretreatment with glibenclamide abolished the effect of halothane on hypocapnia-induced airway constriction.ConclusionsThese results indicate that propofol afforded no benefit over thiopental or halothane in reducing peripheral airway responsiveness. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of halothane in reducing responsiveness to hypocapnia appear to be mediated by the opening of KATP channels.