Control of basal autophagy by calpain1 mediated cleavage of ATG5.

Control of basal autophagy by calpain1 mediated cleavage of ATG5.
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通过 calpain1 介导的 ATG5 切割控制基础自噬

DOI:
10.4161/auto.6.1.10326
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发表时间:
2010-01
期刊:
影响因子:
13.3
通讯作者:
Yuan J
Yuan J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xia HG;Zhang L;Chen G;Zhang T;Liu J;Jin M;Ma X;Ma D;Yuan J

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自噬作为一种重要的分解代谢机制,通过调节细胞内细胞器和蛋白质复合体的周转而发挥作用。虽然饥饿诱导自噬已经被广泛研究,但我们仍然对正常营养条件下自噬是如何调控的知之甚少。在这里,我们描述了一项使用小分子自噬诱导剂氟螺环烯作为工具来探索正常活细胞自噬诱导机制的研究。我们证实了氟螺环烯抑制钙离子流动的活性。此外,我们还发现,细胞内钙离子的减少阻止了ATG5的切割,进而增加了全长ATG5和ATG12-ATG5结合物的水平。利用siRNA介导的基因沉默,我们证明了抑制钙蛋白酶1足以在活细胞中诱导自噬。我们得出结论,在正常活细胞中,通过调节关键信号分子ATG12-ATG5偶联物的水平,Calpain 1在控制自噬水平方面发挥了重要作用。
Autophagy functions as an important catabolic mechanism by mediating the turnover of intracellular organelles and protein complexes. Although the induction of autophagy by starvation has been extensively studied, we still understand very little about how autophagy is regulated under normal nutritional conditions. Here we describe a study using a small molecule autophagy inducer, fluspirilene, as a tool to explore the mechanism of autophagy induction in normal living cells. We confirm the activity of fluspirilene in inhibiting Ca2+ flux. Furthermore, we show that reducing intracellular Ca2+ prevents the cleavage of ATG5, which in turn increases the levels of full length ATG5 and ATG12-ATG5 conjugate. Using siRNA mediated gene silencing, we demonstrate that inhibiting calpain1 is sufficient to induce autophagy in living cells. We conclude that calpain1 plays an important role in controlling the levels of autophagy in normal living cells by regulating the levels of a key signaling molecule, ATG12-ATG5 conjugate.
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