Inter- and intrasexual genetic correlations of exaggerated traits and locomotor activity
Inter- and intrasexual genetic correlations of exaggerated traits and locomotor activity
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.12197
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Okada, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuchikawa, T.;Okada, K.
男性夸大的特征可能是昂贵的，因此可能会对健康产生负面影响。虽然这些代价被认为是男性特有的，但由于夸张而产生负面影响的特征通常作为生活史特征在两性之间共享。当这些共同的特征存在遗传上的性间相关性时，夸张特征的进化可以通过性间相关性将这些成本强加给无装饰的女性。因此，夸张的特征可以限制女性性格的最佳发展，即使女性完全没有这些夸张。然而，这种模式的调查在很大程度上被忽视了，因此，有必要调查这些性状的遗传结构内和跨性别。雄性面粉甲虫，Gnatocerus cornutus，有扩大的下颚，用于雄性之间的竞争，但女性完全没有这种特征。使用传统的全同胞/半同胞育种设计，我们检测到男性武器大小和运动活动之间的负性内遗传相关性，但不是运动活动的性间遗传相关性。经过17代的双向选择，我们发现这种武器的运动活动在男性的相关反应，而在女性没有相关的反应。我们的研究结果表明，夸张的特点，运动的成本不强加于女性，将是男性特有的。这在一定程度上是由性别之间运动活动的遗传脱钩解释的。
Exaggerated traits in males can be costly and therefore can negatively affect fitness. Although these costs are thought to be male specific, traits that have a negative effect due to exaggeration are often shared between the sexes as life-history traits. When there are genetic intersexual correlations for these shared characters, the evolution of the exaggerated traits can impose these costs on nonadorned females through the intersexual correlation. Thus, the exaggerated traits can constrain optimum development of female characters, even if the females lack these exaggerations completely. However, investigation of this pattern has been largely ignored, and thus, it is necessary to investigate genetic architectures of these traits within and across the sexes. Male flour beetles, Gnatocerus cornutus, have enlarged mandibles that are used in male-male competition, but females lack this character completely. Using a traditional full-sib/half-sib breeding design, we detected a negative intrasexual genetic correlation between male weapon size and locomotor activity, but not an intersexual genetic correlation for locomotor activity. After subjecting this weapon to 17 generations of bidirectional selection, we found a correlated response to locomotor activity in the male, whereas there was no correlated response in the female. Our results suggest that the costs of exaggerated traits to locomotion are not imposed on females and would be male specific. This is partly explained by genetic decoupling of locomotor activities across the sexes.