Remote sensing of forest fire severity and vegetation recovery
Remote sensing of forest fire severity and vegetation recovery
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DOI：
10.1071/wf9960125
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发表时间：
1996-09-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Running, SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
White, JD;Ryan, KC;Running, SW
由于地形、植被和气象因素的影响，火烧过的森林地区具有不同的烧伤严重程度。这些模式是利用卫星数据探测和绘制的。还可以从卫星数据中提取其他生态信息，如植被恢复率和不同植被类型烧伤严重程度的变化。中红外波长对燃烧严重程度绘图很有用，因为与燃烧相关的土地覆盖变化增加了电磁光谱这一部分的反射率。Landsat专题制图仪数据的简单分层定义了不同类别的烧伤严重程度，因为冠层覆盖，生物量去除和土壤化学成分的变化。当烧伤严重度反射率的类别限制应用于整个卫星数据时，产生合理的烧伤严重度图。多年来卫星反射率的变化揭示了植被和火灾严重程度的动态，因为低燃烧区的反射率相对于高燃烧区的变化较小。这是由于该地点因燃烧而改变了多少以及有多少空间可用于植被恢复的结果。对草原、河岸和森林植被类型反射率变化的分析表明，火灾可能会增加草原地区的生物量，而河岸和森林地区的再生速度较慢。这一卫星技术通过探索火灾前后的生态表现，有助于绘制严重烧毁地区的地图。
Burned forested areas have patterns of varying burn severity as a consequence of various topographic, vegetation, and meteorological factors. These patterns are detected and mapped using satellite data. Other ecological information can be abstracted from satellite data regarding rates of recovery of vegetation foliage and variation of burn severity on different vegetation types. Middle infrared wavelengths are useful for burn severity mapping because the land cover changes associated with burning increase reflectance in this part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Simple stratification of Landsat Thematic Mapper data define varying classes of burn severity because of changes in canopy cover, biomass removal, and soil chemical composition. Reasonable maps of burn severity are produced when the class limits of burn severity reflectance are applied to the entire satellite data. Changes in satellite reflectance over multiple years reveal the dynamics of vegetation and fire severity as low burn areas have lower changes in reflectance relative to high burn areas. This results as a consequence of how much the site was altered due to the burn and how much space is available for vegetation recovery. Analysis of change in reflectance across steppe, riparian, and forested vegetation types indicate that fires potentially increase biomass in steppe areas, while riparian and forested areas are slower to regrow to pre-fire conditions. This satellite-based technology is useful for mapping severely burned areas by exploring the ecological manifestations before and after fire.