Cumulative Socionatural Displacements: Reconceptualizing Climate Displacements in a World Already on the Move

Cumulative Socionatural Displacements: Reconceptualizing Climate Displacements in a World Already on the Move
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累积社会自然位移:在已经发生变化的世界中重新概念化气候位移

DOI:
10.1080/24694452.2021.1960144
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Thomas, Kimberley Anh
Thomas, Kimberley Anh
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kelley, Lisa C.;Shattuck, Annie;Thomas, Kimberley Anh

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气候引起的流离失所正在吸引越来越多的媒体,国家和学术界的关注,尽管通常将移民定位为气候适应或失败的例子。无论被描述为成功还是失败,这两种框架都可以无形化预先存在的社会环境过程,这些过程使气候引起的迁移成为必要,或者相反,可以完全抑制它们。从政治生态学和人文地理学的角度来看流离失所和环境移民提供了一个替代的登记册,超越单向的社会经济或环境驱动因素,记录不平衡的发展如何在关系和历史上重现流离失所。借鉴这些理论,以及从农业东南亚的实证研究,本文发展的概念,累积的社会自然位移作为一种方法,概念化的社会生态驱动的位移在一个世界已经在移动。我们通过对东南亚流离失所问题的分析来证明这种方法,该分析首先追溯了不断演变的国家、市场和农业生态关系,这些关系使流动性成为农业可行性的组成部分,同时为更强烈的气候影响奠定了基础。在这样做的过程中,我们还关注了长期(非气候)环境变化,这些变化在关于农村流离失所和气候末日情景的辩论中经常被忽视。我们认为,研究气候引起的移民只是一个方面的累积socionatural位移是必要的克服本体论和政治僵局所产生的流行的叙述崩溃气候移民成方便,但误导性的二进制文件。
Climate-induced displacement is attracting increasing media, state, and scholarly attention, albeit often in a way that situates migration as either an example of climate adaptation or a failure thereof. Whether depicted as success or failure, both framings can invisibilize the preexisting socioenvironmental processes that render climate-induced migrations necessary—or, conversely, that can inhibit them entirely. Perspectives on displacement and environmental migration from within political ecology and human geography offer an alternative register, looking beyond unidirectional socioeconomic or environmental drivers to document how uneven development reproduces displacements relationally and historically. Drawing on these theorizations, as well as empirical research from agrarian Southeast Asia, this article develops the notion of cumulative socionatural displacements as one approach for conceptualizing socioecologically driven displacement in a world already on the move. We demonstrate this approach through an analysis of displacement in Southeast Asia that begins by tracing the evolving state, market, and agroecological relations that have made mobility integral to agrarian viability while setting the stage for more intense climate impacts. In doing so, we also center the long-term (nonclimatic) environmental changes that are often sidelined in both anthropocentric debates on rural displacements and climate doomsday scenarios. We argue that examining climate-induced migration as just one facet of cumulative socionatural displacements is necessary for overcoming the ontological and political impasses engendered by prevailing narratives that collapse climate migration into convenient but misleading binaries.
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