Rational design of high-performance sodium-ion battery anode by molecular engineering of coal tar pitch
Rational design of high-performance sodium-ion battery anode by molecular engineering of coal tar pitch
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煤焦油沥青分子工程合理设计高性能钠离子电池负极
DOI：
10.1016/j.cej.2018.01.098
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
Qiu Jieshan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Yuwei;Xiao Nan;Wang Zhiyu;Li Hongjiang;Yu Mingliang;Tang Yongchao;Hao Mingyuan;Liu Chang;Zhou Ying;Qiu Jieshan
采用分子结构设计和盐模板法相结合的方法，以芳烃煤沥青为原料，制备了具有合适的微观结构和宏观结构以及化学组成的碳骨架材料。当用作钠离子电池阳极时，增大的层间距有利于钠离子的插入/脱出，互连的纳米片结构不仅有利于电解液的接触，而且缩短了钠离子的扩散路径，此外，钠离子与表面含氮和含氧官能团的化学吸附可以进一步提高电化学性能。碳骨架在0.1 A g− 1下表现出272 mA h g− 1的可逆比容量，即使在10 A g−1下也表现出121 mA h g− 1的可逆比容量，在2 A g− 1下1000次循环后的高容量保持率为93.4%，表明其良好的倍率性能和非常长的寿命。组装了由碳骨架阳极和Na 3V 2（PO 4）3阴极组成的钠离子全电池。全电池提供高放电容量（0.1 A g− 1时为210 mA h g−1）和1000次循环的优异上级稳定性（每次循环容量损失0.012%）。本文提出了一种利用分子工程方法合理设计高性能高芳烃前驱体钠离子电池负极的通用方法。
Carbon frameworks with appropriate micro- and macrostructure as well as chemical composition are prepared from aromatic coal tar pitch via a combined approach of molecular structure design and facile salt template method. When used as sodium-ion battery anode, the enlarged interlayer distance benefits sodium ion insertion/extraction and the interconnected nanosheets structure not only facilitates the contact of electrolyte but also shortens the sodium ion diffusion path. Additionally, the chemisorption of the sodium ion with nitrogen and oxygen containing functional groups on surface can further improve the electrochemical performance. The carbon frameworks exhibit reversible specific capacities of 272 mA h g−1at 0.1 A g−1and 121 mA h g−1even at 10 A g−1, a high capacity retention of 93.4% at 2 A g−1after 1000 cycles, indicating its good rate capability and very long lifespan. Sodium-ion full cells consisting of carbon frameworks anode and Na3V2(PO4)3cathode are assembled. The full cells deliver high discharge capacity (210 mA h g−1at 0.1 A g−1) and superior stability of 1000 cycles (0.012% capacity loss per cycle). The present paper proposes a universal approach for rational design of high-performance sodium-ion battery anode from highly aromatic precursors by molecular engineering.