Tsunami: Psychosocial aspects of Andaman and Nicobar islands. Assessments and intervention in the early phase
Tsunami: Psychosocial aspects of Andaman and Nicobar islands. Assessments and intervention in the early phase
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DOI：
10.1080/09540260600656001
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Nagaraja, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Math, SB;Girimaji, SC;Nagaraja, D
本文的目的是描述的活动和观察小组从国家精神卫生和神经科学研究所（NIMHANS）班加罗尔，印度在安达曼和尼科巴群岛在海啸灾害的早期阶段，在2005年1月和2月。这些活动包括在营地进行心理健康咨询、社区宣传、向学生和儿童提供心理健康服务、教师情况介绍会和培训非政府组织工作人员。初步评估显示，5-8%的人口在灾难早期阶段遭受严重的心理健康问题。在早期救济阶段之后，这种情况可能会增加。在幻想破灭阶段，精神病发病率预计约为25-30%。在灾害的早期阶段，尼科巴雷部落的联合家庭系统具有很高的复原力。在印度这样的发展中国家，心理健康专业人员有限，医务和辅助医务人员对灾害心理健康缺乏了解，这可能导致幸存者的心理社会康复状况不佳。为了应对海啸等高强度的自然灾害，灾难心理健康团队必须能够了解当地的文化，传统，语言，信仰体系和当地的生计模式。他们还需要与各种政府和非政府组织网络整合，以满足幸存者的需求。因此，在发展中国家灾害发生的早期阶段，肯定需要有一个灾害心理健康小组。
The aim of this paper is to describe the activities and observations of the team from National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore, India in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands during the early phase of the Tsunami disaster in January and February 2005. The activities comprised mental health consultation at camps, community sensitization, mental health services to the students and children, teachers orientation sessions and training of nongovernmental organization [NGO] functionaries. Initial assessment reveals 5-8% of the population were suffering from significant mental health problems following the early phase of the disaster. This may increase in the aftermath of the early relief phase. Psychiatric morbidity is expected be around 25-30% in the disillusionment phase. High resilience was seen in the joint family system of tribal Nicobarese during early phase of disaster. In developing countries like India, limited availability of mental health professionals and poor knowledge about disaster mental health among the medical and paramedical staff, may lead to poor psychosocial rehabilitation of the survivors. To respond to a high magnitude natural disaster like a tsunami, the disaster mental health team must be able to understand the local culture, traditions, language, belief systems and local livelihood patterns. They also need to integrate with the network of various governmental and non-governmental organizations to cater to the needs of the survivors. Hence the presence of a disaster mental health team is definitely required during the early phase of the disaster in developing countries.