Enhanced delegated computing using coherence
Enhanced delegated computing using coherence
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.93.032339
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Stefanie Barz;V. Dunjko;Florian Schlederer;M. Moore;E. Kashefi;I. Walmsley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stefanie Barz;V. Dunjko;Florian Schlederer;M. Moore;E. Kashefi;I. Walmsley
一个长期存在的问题是，是否有可能安全地委派计算任务——这样计算和数据都不会泄露给服务器。最近，这个问题的经典解和量子解都被发现了[C]。Gentry，在第41届ACM计算理论年会论文集（计算机械协会，纽约，2009年），167—178页；A. Broadbent， J. Fitzsimons和E. Kashefi，《计算机科学基础第50届年度研讨会论文集》（IEEE计算机学会，Los Alamitos， CA, 2009），第517—526页)。在这里，我们研究了经典和量子方法之间相互作用的第一步，并展示了如何将相干用作安全委托经典计算的工具。我们展示了具有有限计算能力的客户端-仅限于异或门-可以通过操纵可能占据两种状态叠加的信息载体来执行通用经典计算。使用单光子量子比特或相干光，我们实验实现了独立客户端和服务器之间的安全委托经典计算，它们安装在两个不同的实验室中，由$50\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{m}$隔开。服务器可以访问光源和测量设备，而客户端只能使用一组有限的无源光学设备来操纵携带信息的光束。因此，我们的工作强调了如何将最小的量子资源和经典资源结合起来并用于经典计算。
A longstanding question is whether it is possible to delegate computational tasks securely---such that neither the computation nor the data is revealed to the server. Recently, both a classical and a quantum solution to this problem were found [C. Gentry, in Proceedings of the 41st Annual ACM Symposium on the Theory of Computing (Association for Computing Machinery, New York, 2009), pp. 167--178; A. Broadbent, J. Fitzsimons, and E. Kashefi, in Proceedings of the 50th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, CA, 2009), pp. 517--526]. Here, we study the first step towards the interplay between classical and quantum approaches and show how coherence can be used as a tool for secure delegated classical computation. We show that a client with limited computational capacity---restricted to an XOR gate---can perform universal classical computation by manipulating information carriers that may occupy superpositions of two states. Using single photonic qubits or coherent light, we experimentally implement secure delegated classical computations between an independent client and a server, which are installed in two different laboratories and separated by $50\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{m}$. The server has access to the light sources and measurement devices, whereas the client may use only a restricted set of passive optical devices to manipulate the information-carrying light beams. Thus, our work highlights how minimal quantum and classical resources can be combined and exploited for classical computing.