Lahars as major geological hazards
Lahars as major geological hazards
复制标题
火山泥浆是主要地质灾害
DOI：
10.1007/bf02634799
复制
发表时间：
1976
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. Neall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Neall
Major loss of life caused by lahars (volcanic mudflows) in historical times has been largely restricted to the Circum-Pacific region and more particularly to Japan (> 11,650 killed), Indonesia (> 9,300 killed) and Central America (> 1,300 killed). In addition to such losses of life, widespread damage may occur to buildings, bridges, communication networks and arable land. A review of the causal mechanisms of lahars, flow behaviour and protective measures, with selected case histories, is therefore appropriate to an understanding of this major geological hazard.The potentially most destructive lahars are those involving sudden release of very large quantities of water from crater lakes or from subglacial lakes. The Icelandic j6kulhlaups, although not strictly lahars, give some idea of the huge discharges of water that can be released-ephemeral maximum discharge rates have been estimated up to 100,000 m 3/sec, or temporarily equivalent to the flow of the River Amazon. Other potentially destructive lahars are those resulting from pyroclastic flows becoming admixed with running or ponded waters.
