Using redundancy to repair video damaged by network data loss
Using redundancy to repair video damaged by network data loss
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利用冗余修复因网络数据丢失而损坏的视频
DOI：
10.1117/12.373536
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mark Claypool
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yanlin Liu;Mark Claypool
随着计算机和网络技术的飞速发展，在Internet上实现真实的实时多媒体应用成为可能。由于Internet是为支持传统应用而设计的，因此Internet上的多媒体应用经常遭受不可接受的延迟、抖动和数据丢失。其中，数据丢失通常对质量的影响最大。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的视频前向纠错技术，补偿丢失的数据包，同时保持最小的延迟。我们的方法在每个完整质量的主帧之后传输一个小的、低质量的冗余帧。如果主帧丢失，我们将显示低质量帧，而不是显示前一帧或重新显示主帧。为了评估我们的方法，我们模拟了网络数据丢失对MPEG视频片段的影响，并通过使用冗余帧来修复数据丢失。我们进行了用户研究，通过实验测量了用户对存在数据丢失的视频流质量的意见，无论是否使用我们的冗余方法。此外，我们还分析了冗余所带来的系统开销。我们发现，视频冗余可以大大提高感知质量的视频中存在的网络数据丢失。冗余引入的系统开销取决于冗余帧的质量，但是典型的冗余开销将大约是原始帧的10%。
With rapid progress in both computers and networks, real- time multimedia applications are now possible on the Internet. Sine the Internet was designed to support traditional applications, multimedia applications on the Internet often suffer from unacceptable delay, jitter and data loss. Among these, data loss often has the largest impact on quality. In this paper, we propose a new forward error correction technique for video that compensates for lost packets, while maintaining minimal delay. Our approach transmits a small, low-quality redundant frame after each full-quality primary frame. In the event the primary frame is lost, we display the low-quality frame, rather than display the previous frame or retransmit the primary frame. To evaluate our approach, we simulated the effect of network data loss on MPEG video clips and repaired the data loss by using redundancy frames. We conducted user studies that experimentally measured users' opinions on the quality of the video streams in the presence of data loss, both with and without our redundancy approach. In addition, we analyze the system overhead incurred by the redundancy. We find that video redundancy can greatly improve the perceptual quality of video in the presence of network data loss. The system overhead that redundancy introduces is dependent on the quality of the redundant frames, but a typical redundancy overhead will be approximately 10% that of the original frames.