Lifetime traumas and mental health: The significance of cumulative adversity
Lifetime traumas and mental health: The significance of cumulative adversity
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DOI：
10.2307/2137325
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Lloyd, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turner, RJ;Lloyd, DA
本文报告了20种生活创伤的社区患病率，并认为它们的个体相关性是精神障碍的危险因素。此外，还提出了第一个关于累积逆境的心理健康意义的证据，该证据是通过一生暴露于各种潜在创伤事件的计数来索引的。还研究了在评估生活压力变化的努力中考虑这些事件的重要性问题。我们的研究结果表明，许多创伤事件，特别是积累的终身创伤经历与心理困扰和精神障碍之间存在明确的关系。这些关系在时间优先级受控制的情况下持续存在，并且不受父母精神病理的影响，这表明了一生中重大事件的因果关系，并得出结论，它们代表了增加精神健康风险的一个重要维度。从这些发现和创伤在障碍复发中的重要性的证据来看，人们认为，没有考虑到这些事件导致了对压力暴露在解释情绪困扰和障碍变化中的作用的系统性低估。
This paper reports the community prevalence of 20 life traumas and considers their individual relevance as risk factors for psychiatric disorder. Also presented is the first evidence on the mental health significance of cumulative adversity as indexed by a count of lifetime exposure to a wide array of potentially traumatic events. The question of the importance of considering such events within efforts to assess variations in life stress is also examined. Our results demonstrate clear relationships between many traumatic events and, especially, accumulated lifetime trauma experience and both psychological distress and psychiatric disorder. That these relationships persist with temporal priority controlled-and net of the effects of parental psychopathology-suggests the causal relevance of major lifetime events and the conclusion that they represent an important dimension of increased mental health risk. From these findings and from evidence for the significance of traumas in disorder recurrence, it is contended that failure to take account of such events has resulted in the systematic underestimation of the role of stress exposure in accounting for variations in emotional distress and disorder.