Monitoring the Diversity and Metabolic Shift of Gut Microbes during Green Tea Feeding in an In Vitro Human Colonic Model.
Monitoring the Diversity and Metabolic Shift of Gut Microbes during Green Tea Feeding in an In Vitro Human Colonic Model.
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DOI：
10.3390/molecules25215101
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发表时间：
2020-11-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xu M;Yang K;Zhu J
人类肠道微生物组在人类健康中起着重要作用，许多因素如环境，宿主遗传学，年龄和饮食都被发现会影响微生物组成。茶作为广泛消费的饮料之一，几个世纪以来一直被认为具有抗氧化，抗炎和抗癌作用。为探讨绿色茶多酚对人体肠道微生物多样性和代谢功能的影响，本研究采用体外人结肠模型（HCM）模拟短期绿色茶摄入事件，研究其对肠道微生物组成及其代谢功能的相关变化。HCM的每个隔室中的pH、温度、厌氧环境、喂养营养物和时间点被严格控制以模拟肠道系统，并且将两名健康志愿者的合并的人粪便样品用于结肠模型内的结肠微生物群接种。通过添加绿色茶提取物（GTE）到生长培养基中，通过16 S核糖体DNA测序和液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析，研究了GTE多酚对肠道微生物种群/多样性、肠道微生物代谢产物、代谢途径及其相关性的详细影响。我们的数据表明，应用绿色茶提取物处理肠道微生物群可以诱导厚壁菌门丰度的显著降低和拟杆菌门丰度的轻微降低，并且这些变化导致厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比率降低，这可以是成功GTE干预的有效指标，这可能对人类产生有益的健康效果。同时，通过GTE干预，三个HCM血管中检测到的许多细菌属的相对丰度发生了变化。通过多变量统计分析观察GTE对肠道微生物β多样性的总体影响，并检测不同GTE处理阶段代谢谱的差异。此外，我们确定了微生物种群和微生物代谢产物之间的几种关联，这可能有助于我们为未来的相关研究建立新的假设。综上所述，我们的研究表明，GTE引起的微生物组成的变化也改变了它们的代谢功能，从而可能改变宿主的代谢，影响人类的健康。
The human gut microbiome plays an important role in human health, and many factors such as environment, host genetics, age, and diet have been found to influence the microbial composition. Tea, as one of the widely consumed beverages, has been known for centuries to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. To investigate the impact of green tea polyphenol on the diversity and metabolic functions of human gut microbes, we applied an in vitro human colonic model (HCM) in this study to mimic a short-term green tea ingestion event and investigate its related changes to gut microbial composition and their metabolic functions. The pH, temperature, anaerobic environment, feeding nutrient, and time point in each compartment of the HCM were tightly controlled to simulate the intestinal system, and pooled human fecal samples of two healthy volunteers were used for the colon microbiota inoculation within the colonic model. By adding green tea extract (GTE) to the growth medium, the detailed impacts of GTE polyphenol on gut microbial population/diversity, gut microbial metabolites, metabolic pathways, and their associations were investigated via 16 S ribosomal DNA sequencing and liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. Our data indicated that the treatment of green tea extract applied to gut microbiota can induce a significant decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes and a slight decrease in the abundance of Bacteroidetes, and these changes result in a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which can be an effective indicator for successful GTE intervention, which may generate beneficial health effect to human. Meanwhile, the relative abundances of many detected bacteria genera among three HCM vessels changed through the GTE intervention. The overall effects of GTE on gut microbial beta-diversity were observed by multivariate statistical analyses, and the differences in metabolic profiles from different GTE treatment stages were detected. Moreover, we identified several associations between microbial population and microbial metabolites, which may assist us in establishing new hypotheses for future related studies. In summary, our study suggested that the microbial compositional changes induced by GTE also changed their metabolic functions, and consequentially, may change the host metabolism and impact human health.