Re-evaluation of the relationship between rodent populations and acorn masting: a review from the aspect of nutrients and defensive chemicals in acorns
Re-evaluation of the relationship between rodent populations and acorn masting: a review from the aspect of nutrients and defensive chemicals in acorns
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DOI：
10.1007/s10144-006-0012-6
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发表时间：
2006-09
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
T. Shimada;T. Saitoh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Shimada;T. Saitoh
从橡子营养物质和防御性化学物质两个方面综述了17项研究，考察了啮齿动物种群对橡子丰满的反应。根据橡子的营养特性，将其分为三类：类型1橡树(2种北美红栎亚属)高单宁，高脂肪和蛋白质(因此富含代谢能)；类型2橡子(2种日本常绿橡树，青冈；3种日本落叶橡树，青冈；1种北美白橡树，低脂肪和蛋白质)；类型3橡子(1种青冈，7种)低单宁，脂肪和蛋白质含量中等。这三组橡子在营养上是不同的，因此在生态上是不同的。一般来说，啮齿类动物对橡子母的反应不同，这取决于它们的摄食习惯和橡子的营养特征。食性啮齿动物对类型1和3型橡子的吸食反应呈阳性反应，而摄食习性介于象牙和草食之间的啮齿动物对类型3型橡子吸食呈阳性反应。此外，对于草食性啮齿动物，还没有任何类型的橡子对鞭打的反应的报道。目前的研究结果强调，啮齿动物和橡子属之间的关系不应轻易一概而论，因为橡子和啮齿动物的特征都有很大的差异。这篇综述中提出的观点可以为在综述的研究中发现的关于啮齿动物种群对橡子桅杆的反应的相互矛盾的观察结果提供更令人信服的解释。
The responses of rodent populations to acorn masting were examined by reviewing 17 studies from the aspect of acorn nutrients and defensive chemicals. Oak species were grouped into three types based on their acorn nutritional characteristics by cluster analysis: Type 1 acorns (two North American red oaks, subgenusErythrobalanus) were high in tannins and high in fat and proteins (and consequently rich in metabolizable energy); Type 2 acorns (two Japanese evergreen oaks,Cyclobalanopsis; three Japanese deciduous oaks,Lepidobalanus; one North American white oak,Lepidobalanus) were high in tannins but low in fat and proteins; and Type 3 acorns (oneCyclobalanopsisspecies; sevenLepidobalanusspecies) were low in tannins and had intermediate levels of fat and proteins. These three acorn groups were nutritionally, and thereby ecologically, not equivalent. Rodents, in general, responded differently to acorn masting depending on their feeding habits and the nutritional characteristics of acorns. Granivorous rodents showed positive responses to masting of Type 1 and 3 acorns, whereas rodents with feeding habits intermediate between granivory and herbivory showed positive responses to masting of Type 3 acorns. In addition, for herbivorous rodents, the responses to masting of any types of acorns have not been reported. The present findings emphasize that the relationship between rodents and acorn masting should not easily be generalized, because there are large variations in characteristics of both acorns and rodents. The viewpoint presented in this review could offer more convincing interpretations to the contradictory observations, found in the studies reviewed, on the response of rodent populations to acorn masting.