Characterization of phylogenetically diverse astroviruses of marine mammals
Characterization of phylogenetically diverse astroviruses of marine mammals
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DOI：
10.1099/vir.0.015222-0
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Wellehan, James F. X., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rivera, Rebecca;Nollens, Hendrik H.;Wellehan, James F. X., Jr.
星状病毒是小型、无包膜、正链RNA病毒。先前研究的哺乳动物星状病毒与脑膜炎有关。关于星状病毒多样性的知识非常有限，只有六种官方认可的哺乳动物宿主星状病毒，此外，最近还描述了一种人类和一些蝙蝠星状病毒。我们使用的共识PCR技术初步鉴定五个星状病毒的海洋哺乳动物：三个从加州海狮（Zalophus californianus），一个从一个斯特勒海狮（Eumetopias jubatus）和一个从海豚（Tursiops truncatus）。贝叶斯和最大似然系统发育分析发现，这些病毒表现出显着的多样性，在一个新的物种一致的水平。我们从海洋哺乳动物中鉴定出的星状病毒是在整个mamastrovirus树中发现的，并没有形成一个单系群。分离分析发现，在人类和加州海狮星状病毒之间可能发生了重组事件，这表明两种谱系可能能够在一个点上感染同一宿主。海洋哺乳动物星状病毒的多样性及其与陆地星状病毒的相似性表明海洋环境在星状病毒生态学中起着重要作用。
Astroviruses are small, non-enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses. Previously studied mammalian astroviruses have been associated with diarrhoeal disease. Knowledge of astrovirus diversity is very limited, with only six officially recognized astrovirus species from mammalian hosts and, in addition, one human and some bat astroviruses were recently described. We used consensus PCR techniques for initial identification of five astroviruses of marine mammals: three from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), one from a Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) and one from a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Bayesian and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic; analysis found that these viruses showed significant diversity at a level consistent with novel species. Astroviruses that we identified from marine mammals were found across the mamastrovirus tree and did not form a monophyletic group. Recombination analysis found that a recombination event may have occurred between a human and a California sea lion astrovirus, suggesting that both lineages may have been capable of infecting the same host at one point. The diversity found amongst marine mammal astroviruses and their similarity to terrestrial astroviruses suggests that the marine environment plays an important role in astrovirus ecology.