Contrasting mechanisms of impaired attentional set-shifting in patients with frontal lobe damage or Parkinson's disease.
Contrasting mechanisms of impaired attentional set-shifting in patients with frontal lobe damage or Parkinson's disease.
复制标题
额叶损伤或帕金森病患者注意力转移受损的对比机制。
DOI：
10.1093/brain/116.5.1159
复制
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Robbins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Owen;A. C. Roberts;J. Hodges;B. Summers;C. Polkey;T. Robbins
评估在威斯康星州卡片分类测试之后模拟的改变认知集合的能力的测试对帕金森病患者以及额叶损伤患者的损伤特别敏感。然而，在两个患者组中观察到的类似缺陷的潜在机制尚未得到很好的理解，并且可能不相同。例如，集合转移能力的明显缺陷可能反映了从先前命令注意力的感知维度转移的能力（即“持续”）的损害，或者反映了转移到先前不相关的替代感知维度的能力（即“学习无关”）的损害。在这项研究中，药物治疗和非药物治疗的帕金森氏病患者的表现进行了比较，一组神经外科患者与局部切除额叶的一种新的任务，旨在评估的相对贡献的“执着”和“学习无关性”受损的集转移能力。额叶损伤的患者在将注意力从先前相关的刺激维度转移的能力上比对照组差。接受药物治疗的帕金森病患者在转向以前不相关的维度方面表现更差。与两组相比，未用药的帕金森病患者在两种情况下都受到损害。这些结果表明，额叶患者和帕金森病患者报告的总体设置转移缺陷可能涉及根本不同但相关的认知过程，并且这些可能受到药物的不同影响。具体而言，左旋多巴治疗可以保护帕金森病患者免于对以前相关刺激维度的注意力保留。
Tests which assess the ability to shift cognitive set modelled after the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test are particularly sensitive to impairments in patients with Parkinson's disease as well as in patients with frontal lobe damage. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the similar deficits observed in the two patient groups are not well understood and may not be identical. For example, an apparent deficit in set-shifting ability may reflect either an impairment in the ability to shift from a perceptual dimension which has previously commanded attention (i.e. 'perseveration'), or in the ability to shift to an alternative perceptual dimension which has previously been irrelevant (i.e. 'learned irrelevance'). In this study, the performance of both medicated and non-medicated patients with Parkinson's disease were compared with a group of neurosurgical patients with localized excisions of the frontal lobes on a novel task designed to assess the relative contribution of 'perseveration' and 'learned irrelevance' to impaired set-shifting ability. Patients with frontal lobe damage were worse than controls in their ability to shift attention from a previously relevant stimulus dimension. Medicated patients with Parkinson's disease were worse at shifting to a previously irrelevant dimension. In contrast to both groups, nonmedicated patients with Parkinson's disease were impaired in both conditions. These results suggest that the gross set-shifting deficits reported in both frontal lobe patients and patients with Parkinson's disease may involve fundamentally different, though related, cognitive processes, and that these may be differentially affected by medication. Specifically, L-dopa therapy may protect Parkinson's disease patients from preservation of attention to a formerly relevant stimulus dimension.
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
COOPER, JA;SAGAR, HJ;SULLIVAN, EV
通讯作者：
SULLIVAN, EV