Passive acoustics for monitoring marine animals - progress and challenges
Passive acoustics for monitoring marine animals - progress and challenges
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用于监测海洋动物的被动声学 - 进展和挑战
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Noad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Cato;R. McCauley;T. Rogers;M. Noad
新西兰海域水下声音的开创性录音显示了海洋动物，特别是鲸鱼的大范围高水平声音[Kibblewhite等人，J. Acoust]。Soc。[j].科学通报，2004,(2):1 -6。近40年后，关于海洋动物声音的数据量大大增加，现在人们对利用声音来监测动物的数量、迁徙和行为的研究非常感兴趣。被动声学监测显示出很大的希望，因为动物的叫声通常可以在很远的距离上被探测到，从而可以对很大的区域进行调查。海洋哺乳动物在声音上是可以探测到的，距离远比肉眼可见的要远得多，被动声学有可能填补开阔海洋测量的空白。然而，挑战仍然存在，本文讨论了发展强有力的方法来调查海洋动物的丰度和迁徙所需要的进展和步骤，并以本地区的研究为例。有效使用被动监测需要了解动物的声学行为，了解调查时的声学传播和环境噪声，并进行严格的统计分析。
Pioneering recordings of underwater sounds off New Zealand showed a wide range of high level sounds from marine animals, particularly whales [Kibblewhite et al, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 41, 644-655, 1967]. Almost 40 years later, a much greater amount of data is available on marine animal sounds and there is now considerable interest in using the sounds to monitor the animals for studies of abundance, migrations and behaviour. Passive acoustic monitoring shows much promise because the animal vocalisations are usually detectable over long distances, allowing a large area to be surveyed. Marine mammals are detectable acoustically at much greater distances than they are visible and passive acoustics has the potential to fill in the gaps in open ocean surveying. There are however challenges, and this paper discusses progress and the steps needed to develop robust methods of surveying the abundance and migrations of marine animals, illustrated by studies in our region. Effective use of passive monitoring requires an understanding of the acoustic behaviour of the animals, a knowledge of the acoustic propagation and ambient noise at the time of the survey and a rigorous statistical analysis.