A meta-analytic review of verbal fluency deficits in schizophrenia relative to other neurocognitive deficits.
A meta-analytic review of verbal fluency deficits in schizophrenia relative to other neurocognitive deficits.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/13546800344000309
复制
发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Crawford, John R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry, Julie D;Crawford, John R
简介：神经心理学文献中一个突出的观点是精神分裂症与执行功能障碍特别相关，然而在一项荟萃分析综述中得出结论，相对于他们的一般智力功能水平，精神分裂症患者在威斯康星卡片分类测试（WCST）中并没有不成比例地受损。然而，语言流畅性测试可能是更有效的执行功能测量，因为它们对局灶性额叶损伤的存在更敏感。方法：对84项研究进行荟萃分析，比较精神分裂症患者和健康对照者在音素和语义流畅性测试中的表现，以及其他被认为对执行功能要求最低的认知测试。结果：音位或语义流畅性缺陷都不符合与一般智力或精神运动速度相关的差异缺陷。精神分裂症患者在语义流畅性上的受损程度明显高于音素流畅性。结论：对于WCST，语言流畅性测试的缺陷反映了更普遍的智力障碍，而不是执行控制过程的特殊困难。相对于音位流畅性而言，语义上的更大缺陷表明，除了一般的检索困难外，精神分裂症还与语义存储的妥协有关。
INTRODUCTION: A prominent view in the neuropsychological literature is that schizophrenia is particularly associated with executive dysfunction, yet in a meta-analytic review it was concluded that, relative to their general level of intellectual functioning, schizophrenics are not disproportionately impaired on a measure of this construct, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). However, verbal fluency tests may be more valid measures of executive functioning as they are more sensitive to the presence of focal frontal lobe injuries.METHOD: A meta-analysis was conducted on 84 studies comparing the performance of schizophrenics and healthy controls on tests of phonemic and semantic fluency, as well as other cognitive measures presumed to impose only minimal demands on executive functioning.RESULTS: Neither phonemic or semantic fluency deficits qualified as differential deficits relative to general intelligence or psychomotor speed. Patients with schizophrenia were significantly more impaired on semantic relative to phonemic fluency.CONCLUSIONS: As for the WCST, deficits on tests of verbal fluency reflect a more generalised intellectual impairment and not particular difficulties with executive control processes. The larger deficit for semantic relative to phonemic fluency suggests that, in addition to general retrieval difficulties, schizophrenia is associated with compromises to the semantic store.