Grain Boundary Properties and Grain Growth: Al Foils, Al Films
Grain Boundary Properties and Grain Growth: Al Foils, Al Films
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晶界特性和晶粒生长：铝箔、铝膜
DOI：
10.1557/proc-819-n6.6
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Kinderlehrer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Barmak;W. E. Archibald;A. Rollett;S. Ta'asan;D. Kinderlehrer
用取向成象显微镜和统计多尺度方法测量了立方取向的纤维织构120μm厚铝箔的相对晶界能随错向角的变化。低角度晶界的能量随错向角的增大而增大，符合Read-Shockley模型。高角度晶界的相对能量随取向偏差变化不大。对<；111>；纤维织构、100 nm厚的Al薄膜在400℃、0.5-10h热处理后的晶粒结构的观察表明，最常见的是5面和6面晶面，而四面面晶的比例很大。平均边数略低于二维结构的期望值6。在对数正态分布、伽马分布和瑞利分布中，伽马分布对胶片中的颗粒尺寸数据给予了最好的拟合；然而，伽马分布和对数正态分布之间的差异很小。晶粒的生长不是自相似的，退火一小时后停止生长。颗粒尺寸分布随时间的演化表明，薄膜中的生长停滞既不符合刻槽的边界钉扎，也不符合传统的溶质阻力处理。表面驱动力、弹性应变驱动力和塑性应变能驱动力对薄膜的晶粒生长和随后的停滞不起重要作用，因为即使在沉积状态下薄膜仍具有很强的织构。基于二维、蒙特卡罗和偏微分方程组的模拟结果表明，即使使用各向异性的边界能，简化的晶界面积的稳态分布也表现出很好的一致性。然而，与实验分布相比，实验中小颗粒的数量明显更多。
Relative grain boundary energy as a function of misorientation angle has been measured in cube-oriented, i.e., <100> fiber-textured, 120 μm-thick Al foil using orientation imaging microscopy and a statistical multiscale method. The energies of low-angle boundaries increase with misorientation angle, in good agreement with the Read-Shockley model. The relative energies of high-angle boundaries exhibit little variation with misorientation. Examination of the grain structure of <111> fiber-textured, 100 nm-thick Al films annealed at 400 °C for 0.5-10 h shows 5 and 6 sided grains to be the most frequent, and the fraction of four-sided grains to be significant. The mean number of sides is slightly lower than the expected value of 6 for twodimensional structures. Of lognormal, gamma and Rayleigh distributions, gamma gives the best fit to the grain size data in the films; however, the difference between gamma and lognormal is small. Grain growth is not self-similar and stagnates after one hour of annealing. The evolution of the grain size distribution with time indicates that the growth stagnation in the films is neither consistent with boundary pinning by grooving nor with conventional treatments of solute drag. Surface, elastic-strain and plastic-strain energy driving forces do not play a significant role in the grain growth and the subsequent stagnation since the films are strongly textured even in the asdeposited state. The steady-state distributions of reduced grain area for two-dimensional, Monte Carlo and partial differential equation based simulations show excellent agreement with each other, even when anisotropic boundary energies are used. However, comparison with experimental distributions reveals a significantly higher population of small grains in the experiments.