AccessiText: automated detection of text accessibility issues in Android apps

AccessiText: automated detection of text accessibility issues in Android apps
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AccessiText:自动检测 Android 应用程序中的文本辅助功能问题

DOI:
10.1145/3540250.3549118
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
ACM
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Malek, Sam
Malek, Sam
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alshayban, Abdulaziz;Malek, Sam

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对于世界上15%的残疾人来说,可访问性可以说是最关键的软件质量属性。残疾用户越来越依赖移动的应用程序来完成日常任务,这进一步强调了对无障碍软件的需求。iOS和Android等移动的操作系统提供各种集成的辅助服务,以帮助残疾人执行原本可能困难或不可能完成的任务。然而,为了使这些辅助服务正常工作,开发人员必须通过遵循一组最佳实践和可访问性指南来在应用程序中支持它们。文本缩放辅助服务(TSAS)由视力低下的人使用,以增加文本大小并使他们可以访问应用程序。但是,将TSAS与不兼容的应用程序一起使用可能会导致意外行为,从而给用户带来可访问性障碍。本文介绍的方法,自动化测试技术的文本可访问性问题所产生的应用程序和TSAS之间的不兼容性。作为第一步,我们通过分析用户在(i)Android和iOS的应用程序评论和(ii)从公共Twitter帐户收集的Twitter数据中报告的600多个候选问题,确定了五种不同类型的文本可访问性。 为了自动检测此类问题,该方法利用UI屏幕截图和使用动态分析提取的各种元数据信息,然后应用由先前识别的不同类型的文本可访问性问题通知的各种分析。 在30个真实世界的Android应用程序上进行的评估证实了其有效性,在检测文本可访问性问题时平均达到88.27%的准确率和95.76%的召回率。
For 15% of the world population with disabilities, accessibility is arguably the most critical software quality attribute. The growing reliance of users with disability on mobile apps to complete their day-to-day tasks further stresses the need for accessible software. Mobile operating systems, such as iOS and Android, provide various integrated assistive services to help individuals with disabilities perform tasks that could otherwise be difficult or not possible. However, for these assistive services to work correctly, developers have to support them in their app by following a set of best practices and accessibility guidelines. Text Scaling Assistive Service (TSAS) is utilized by people with low vision, to increase the text size and make apps accessible to them. However, the use of TSAS with incompatible apps can result in unexpected behavior introducing accessibility barriers to users. This paper presents approach, an automated testing technique for text accessibility issues arising from incompatibility between apps and TSAS. As a first step, we identify five different types of text accessibility by analyzing more than 600 candidate issues reported by users in (i) app reviews for Android and iOS, and (ii) Twitter data collected from public Twitter accounts. To automatically detect such issues, approach utilizes the UI screenshots and various metadata information extracted using dynamic analysis, and then applies various heuristics informed by the different types of text accessibility issues identified earlier. Evaluation of approach on 30 real-world Android apps corroborates its effectiveness by achieving 88.27% precision and 95.76% recall on average in detecting text accessibility issues.
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