Compulsory Commitment to Care of Substance Misusers: International Trends during 25 Years
Compulsory Commitment to Care of Substance Misusers: International Trends during 25 Years
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DOI：
10.1159/000341716
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Gerdner, Arne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Israelsson, Magnus;Gerdner, Arne
目的：该研究探讨了针对护理物质滥用者（CCC）的强制性承诺的国际法律趋势，以及两种亚型 - 刑事司法立法中的民用CCC和CCC-以及此类护理的最大长度和申请。方法：时间段涵盖了25年以上，总共有104个国家和地区。该研究基于三次观察（1986、1999和2009）的可用数据。 CCC在2002 - 2006年的欧洲级别上进行了数量的CCC申请。使用非参数测试和一般线性模型分析趋势，以进行重复测量。从上下文分析中讨论了发现。结果：在千年之后，全球拥有民用CCC立法的国家数量有所减少，而根据1980年代中期以来，根据刑法下的CCC有所增加，导致总净减少。这种转变导致CCC的平均持续时间较长，并增加了判决的案件数量。结论：有风险从CCC向刑事CCC的转变意味着在强制治疗中更多地关注年轻的外表男性，并且可能会忽略对更脆弱者的社会责任。版权（C）2012 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Purpose: The study explores international trends in law on compulsory commitment to care of substance misusers (CCC), and two subtypes - civil CCC and CCC within criminal justice legislation - as well as maximum length and amount of applications of such care. Method: The time period covers more than 25 years, and a total of 104 countries and territories. The study is based on available data in three times of observation (1986, 1999 and 2009). Applications of CCC in number of cases are studied on European level for the years 2002-2006. Trends are analyzed using nonparametric tests and general linear models for repeated measures. Findings are discussed from contextual analysis. Result: There is a trend towards decrease in the number of countries worldwide having civil CCC legislation after the millennium, while CCC under criminal law has increased since the mid-1980s, resulting in some total net decrease. The shift results in longer mean duration of CCC and an increase in the number of cases sentenced. Conclusion: There is a risk that the shift from civil CCC to penal CCC implies more focus on young out-acting males in compulsory treatment and that the societal responsibility for more vulnerable persons might be neglected. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel