High incidence of micronuclei in lymphocytes from residents of the area near the Semipalatinsk nuclear explosion test site.
High incidence of micronuclei in lymphocytes from residents of the area near the Semipalatinsk nuclear explosion test site.
复制标题
塞米巴拉金斯克核爆炸试验场附近居民淋巴细胞中微核的发生率很高。
DOI：
10.1269/jrr.41.45
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
N. Kamada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimio Tanaka;N. Tchaijunusova;T. Takatsuji;B. Gusev;Alexander K. H. Sakerbaev;M. Hoshi;N. Kamada
塞米巴拉金斯克地区因 40 年连续核试验而受到放射性尘埃的严重污染。尚未研究该领域对人类健康的生物学影响。剩余的大量放射性包括长寿命放射性同位素 238,239,400Pu、137Cs 和 90Sr。为了评估放射性沉降物的长期生物效应，观察了该地区居民淋巴细胞中微核的发生率。距离核爆炸试验场约50-150公里的兹纳缅卡、多隆和塞米巴拉金斯克3个地区各10名居民（5女5男，年龄47至55岁）采集了血液。对于微核测定，将PHA刺激的淋巴细胞培养72小时，并在44小时时添加细胞松弛素B以检测双核淋巴细胞。对每位住院医师的 5000 个双核淋巴细胞进行了评分。塞米巴拉金斯克、多隆和兹纳门卡居民的1000个淋巴细胞微核计数平均值分别为16.3、12.6和7.80，高于日本正常人的微核计数平均值(4.66)。这些值相当于以 0.02 cGy/min 的剂量率长期暴露于 0.187-0.47 Gy 的伽马射线中获得的结果。塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场地区居民微核高发生率主要是由于过去40年来受到的内照射而不是外照射造成的。
The Semipalatinsk area is highly contaminated with radioactive fallout from 40 years of continuous nuclear testing. The biological effects on human health in this area have not been studied. Significant remaining radioactivities include long-lived radioisotopes of 238,239,400Pu, 137Cs and 90Sr. To evaluate the long-term biological effects of the radioactive fallout, the incidence of micronuclei in lymphocytes from residents of the area was observed. Blood was obtained from 10 residents (5 females and 5 males, aged 47 to 55 years old) from each of the 3 areas of Znamenka, Dolon and Semipalatinsk, which are about 50-150 km from the nuclear explosion test site. For micronucleus assay, PHA-stimulated lymphocytes were cultured for 72 h and cytochalasin B was added at 44 h for detecting binuclear lymphocytes. Five thousand binuclear lymphocytes in each resident were scored. The means of micronucleus counts in 1,000 lymphocytes in residents of Semipalatinsk, Dolon and Znamenka were 16.3, 12.6, and 7.80, respectively, which were higher than those of the normal Japanese persons (4.66). These values were equivalent to the results obtained from 0.187-0.47 Gy of chronic exposure to gamma-rays at a dose rate of 0.02 cGy/min. The high incidence of micronuclei in residents of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site area was mainly caused by internal exposure rather than external exposure received for the past 40 years.