Epidemiology of malignant melanoma
Epidemiology of malignant melanoma
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0039-6109(05)70511-9
复制
发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Soong, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, TP;Soong, SJ
在过去的二、三十年里，恶性黑色素瘤的发病率和死亡率都在上升。20世纪80年代后，世界某些地区的发病率和死亡率开始出现缓和，特别是在较年轻的年龄组中，近年来黑色素瘤患者的存活率有所增加。这种改善可能是由于早期诊断，表明二级预防的潜在有效性。持续的健康教育努力，以提高对黑色素瘤体征和症状的认识，将导致早期诊断，从而导致发病率的短暂增加。然而，这些努力最终应能降低死亡率。黑色素瘤最重要的环境风险因素是暴露在阳光下。一级预防工作的目标应该是对公众进行关于阳光照射风险的教育，特别是在生命早期的娱乐性暴露，以及防护服的好处。这些努力应导致发病率和死亡率的最终降低。
The past two to three decades have witnessed increases in both the incidence and the mortality rates of malignant melanoma. A moderation in both incidence and mortality rates began to emerge in certain regions of the world after the 1980s, especially in the younger age groups, and survival rates of melanoma patients have increased in recent years. This improvement is likely due to earlier diagnosis, suggesting the potential effectiveness of secondary prevention. Continued health education efforts to improve awareness about signs and symptoms of melanoma will lead to earlier diagnosis and thus to a transient increase in incidence. These efforts, however, should eventually reduce mortality rates. The most important environmental risk factor for melanoma is exposure to the sun. Primary prevention efforts should target public education about the risk of sun exposure, especially recreational exposure in early life, and the benefits of protective clothing. These efforts should lead to an ultimate reduction in both incidence and mortality.