Yunnan’s Fast-Paced Large Hydropower Development: A Powershed-Based Approach to Critically Assessing Generation and Consumption Paradigms
Yunnan’s Fast-Paced Large Hydropower Development: A Powershed-Based Approach to Critically Assessing Generation and Consumption Paradigms
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/w8100476
复制
发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
T. Hennig;Wenling Wang;D. Magee;Daming He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Hennig;Wenling Wang;D. Magee;Daming He
中国西南部的云南省正在发展成为世界上最大的水力发电区之一。它已经可以与世界上最大的水力发电国相媲美。然而，云南的六个流域中有五个是国际性的，因此其水电开发具有重大的学术和地缘政治意义。虽然对云南三大河流（金沙江、湄公河和怒江）上大型项目的实施情况进行了较好的研究，但对这三条主要河流以外的水电开发却知之甚少。在这里，我们确定了128个大型水电项目（≥50兆瓦），容量为16.5吉瓦，沿着还有另外16.4吉瓦的其他类型的发电，这两种类型都没有在学术文献中讨论过。本文利用发电厂的方法来研究云南正在进行的快速水电开发，无论是在其含义和挑战（在流域和行政级别），以及在更广泛的电力背景下的权衡。云南省的发电和消费模式的特点是本地/省的使用和出口使用的利益分歧。在该省，最大的（水力）电力用户是能源/电力密集型行业，这些行业本身对土地使用变化有很大影响。云南也正在发展成为一个主要的电力出口国，2013年已经将约三分之一的发电量主要出口到广东的珠江三角洲。我们认为，有必要对现有的发电和消费模式进行重大修改，包括从今后的水力发电和利用项目以及出口义务的角度重新思考主要的发展模式。
Southwest China’s Yunnan province is evolving into one of the world’s largest hydro-power-producing regions. It already rivals the world’s largest hydro-producing nations. However, five of Yunnan’s six basins are international and therefore its hydropower development is of great academic and geopolitical interest. While the implementation of large projects on Yunnan’s three large rivers (Jinsha, Mekong and Nu) is relatively well studied, hydropower development outside these three main streams is hardly known. Here, we identified 128 large hydropower projects (≥50 MW) having a capacity of 16.5 GW, along with another 16.4 GW of other types of power generation, neither of which has been discussed in the academic literature yet. The paper utilizes a powershed approach to study the rapid hydropower development underway in Yunnan, both in its implication and challenges (at basin and administrative level) as well as in its trade-offs within the broader electricity context. Yunnan’s power generation and consumption patterns are characterized by diverging interests of local/provincial usage and export utilization. Within the province, the largest (hydro-) power users are energy/electricity intensive industries, which themselves have strong impacts on land use changes. Yunnan is also evolving as a major power exporter, already in 2013 exporting about one-third of its generated electricity mainly to Guangdong’s Pearl River Delta. We see a need for a critical revision of those existing generation and consumption paradigms, which includes a rethinking of major development modes, both in terms of future hydropower generation and utilization projects as well as export obligations.